Oral Health Status of Children Living with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Dorottya Banyai, Daniel Vegh, Adam Vegh, Marta Ujpal, Michael Payer, Zita Biczo, Zsuzsanna Triebl, Khaled Mukaddam, Valentin Herber, Norbert Jakse, Zsolt Nemeth, Peter Hermann and Noémi Rózsa
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Dorottya Banyai: Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary
Daniel Vegh: Diabetes-Dental Working Group, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary
Adam Vegh: Diabetes-Dental Working Group, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary
Marta Ujpal: Diabetes-Dental Working Group, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary
Michael Payer: Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Division of Oral Surgery and Orthodontics, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
Zita Biczo: Diabetes-Dental Working Group, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary
Zsuzsanna Triebl: Diabetes-Dental Working Group, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary
Khaled Mukaddam: University Center for Dental Medicine, Department of Oral Surgery, University of Basel, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
Valentin Herber: Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Division of Oral Surgery and Orthodontics, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
Norbert Jakse: Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Division of Oral Surgery and Orthodontics, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
Zsolt Nemeth: Diabetes-Dental Working Group, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary
Peter Hermann: Diabetes-Dental Working Group, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary
Noémi Rózsa: Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Background: Diabetes is a well-known predisposing factor for oral diseases, so prevention in an early age is mandatory. Objective: To provide oral screening for children living with type 1 diabetes. We aimed to investigate the oral and general health indexes of T1DM children and compare these data to healthy siblings and controls. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 120 DM patients and 78 siblings, thereafter 80 DM children and 95 controls, took part. A detailed questionnaire, panoramic radiographs, and lateral cephalograms were obtained in every orthodontic consultation. We used Pearson’s chi-square test for statistical analysis and compared the data of the study and control groups. Results: The oral health values of DM children were significantly better (DMF-T 0.83–1.3) than the national average (3.8–4.5). A total of 75% ( n = 60) of the children needed orthodontic treatment for orthodontic or skeletal anomalies. The prevalence of skeletal anomalies was significantly ( p < 0.05) higher among patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) than in the control group. The frequency of coeliac disease was significantly elevated compared to any literature data (1–3.5%) in the study (15%) and in the control sibling group (13%). Conclusions: Co-morbidities such as CD should get more attention as a prognostic factor for a future higher incidence of diabetes. T1DM children can be motivated and health-conscious patients with excellent oral hygiene and dental status. Orthodontic treatment can help eliminate the oral complications of DM. Special diabetes ambulances may help provide oral care for patients with DM.

Keywords: type 1 diabetes mellitus; orthodontics; diabetes mellitus; oral health; coeliac disease (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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