Integrated Genomic and Bioinformatics Approaches to Identify Molecular Links between Endocrine Disruptors and Adverse Outcomes

Jacopo Umberto Verga, Matthew Huff, Diarmuid Owens, Bethany J. Wolf and Gary Hardiman
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Jacopo Umberto Verga: Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
Matthew Huff: Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
Diarmuid Owens: School of Biological Sciences, Institute for Global Food Security, Queens University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5DL, UK
Bethany J. Wolf: Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
Gary Hardiman: School of Biological Sciences, Institute for Global Food Security, Queens University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5DL, UK

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 1, 1-24

Abstract: Exposure to Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDC) has been linked with several adverse outcomes. In this review, we examine EDCs that are pervasive in the environment and are of concern in the context of human, animal, and environmental health. We explore the consequences of EDC exposure on aquatic life, terrestrial animals, and humans. We focus on the exploitation of genomics technologies and in particular whole transcriptome sequencing. Genome-wide analyses using RNAseq provides snap shots of cellular, tissue and whole organism transcriptomes under normal physiological and EDC perturbed conditions. A global view of gene expression provides highly valuable information as it uncovers gene families or more specifically, pathways that are affected by EDC exposures, but also reveals those that are unaffected. Hypotheses about genes with unknown functions can also be formed by comparison of their expression levels with genes of known function. Risk assessment strategies leveraging genomic technologies and the development of toxicology databases are explored. Finally, we review how the Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) has exploited this high throughput data to provide a framework for toxicology studies.

Keywords: Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDC); DNA microarrays; RNA sequencing; Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP); Molecular Initiating Event (MIE); Key Events (KE); risk assessment (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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