Longitudinal Study of the Mental Health, Resilience, and Post-Traumatic Stress of Senior Nursing Students to Nursing Graduates during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Ana Isabel Cobo-Cuenca, Beatriz Fernández-Fernández, Juan Manuel Carmona-Torres (), Diana P. Pozuelo-Carrascosa, José Alberto Laredo-Aguilera, Benjamín Romero-Gómez, Sergio Rodríguez-Cañamero, Esperanza Barroso-Corroto and Esmeralda Santacruz-Salas
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Ana Isabel Cobo-Cuenca: Facultad de Fisioterapia y Enfermería, Grupo IMCU, Departamento de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Terapia Ocupacional, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus de Fábrica de Armas, Av de Carlos III s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain
Beatriz Fernández-Fernández: Hospital General Nuestra Sra. Del Prado, Servicio de Salud de Castilla-La Mancha (SESCAM), Av. Extremadura KM 114, 45600 Talavera de la Reina, Spain
Juan Manuel Carmona-Torres: Facultad de Fisioterapia y Enfermería, Grupo IMCU, Departamento de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Terapia Ocupacional, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus de Fábrica de Armas, Av de Carlos III s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain
Diana P. Pozuelo-Carrascosa: Facultad de Enfermería, Grupo IMCU, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Santa Teresa Jornet s/n., 16071 Cuenca, Spain
José Alberto Laredo-Aguilera: Facultad de Fisioterapia y Enfermería, Grupo IMCU, Departamento de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Terapia Ocupacional, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus de Fábrica de Armas, Av de Carlos III s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain
Benjamín Romero-Gómez: Hospital El Tomillar de Sevilla, Servicio Andaluz de Salud (SAS), 41500 Alcalá de Guadaira, Spain
Sergio Rodríguez-Cañamero: Clínica Hemodiálisis Avericum Toledo, Calle Alemania 141, 45005 Toledo, Spain
Esperanza Barroso-Corroto: Facultad de Fisioterapia y Enfermería, Grupo IMCU, Departamento de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Terapia Ocupacional, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus de Fábrica de Armas, Av de Carlos III s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain
Esmeralda Santacruz-Salas: Facultad de Fisioterapia y Enfermería, Grupo IMCU, Departamento de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Terapia Ocupacional, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus de Fábrica de Armas, Av de Carlos III s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 20, 1-11

Abstract: This study analyzed changes in the psychological health of students who were in the final year of their nursing degree during the COVID-19 pandemic and later served as nursing professionals in hospitals. Methods: A prospective longitudinal study was conducted over two periods of time (the first in April 2020 and the second 6 months later, in December 2020) with 296 students for a T0 baseline (rate response 68.83%) and 92 students for a T1 post-test sample (response rate 31.08%). The data were electronically collected using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Life Satisfaction Questionnaire, the Resilience Scale, and a post-traumatic stress questionnaire. The mean age of the sample participants was 24.17 years (SD = 5.51), and 89.11% were female. During the pandemic, 14.11% of students showed scores that indicated depression, and 32.61% showed scores that indicated anxiety. In December 2020, 86.5% of the participants were working as nurses, and the percentages of those with anxiety (12%) and depression (4.3%) were significantly lower than in the first sample period. A total of 20.7% of the participants had post-traumatic stress. High scores for resilience were significantly associated with better quality of life and lower levels of anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress. Conclusions: Although the percentages of participants with anxiety and depression decreased, they still presented with mental health problems.

Keywords: COVID-19; anxiety; coping strategies; health; students; nursing (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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