Developmental Delays in Socio-Emotional Brain Functions in Persons with an Intellectual Disability: Impact on Treatment and Support

Tanja Sappok (), Angela Hassiotis, Marco Bertelli, Isabel Dziobek and Paula Sterkenburg
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Tanja Sappok: Berlin Center for Mental Health in Developmental Disabilities, Ev. Krankenhaus Königin Elisabeth Herzberge, 10365 Berlin, Germany
Angela Hassiotis: Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London W1T 7BN, UK
Marco Bertelli: CREA (Research and Clinical Centre), San Sebastiano Foundation, Misericordia di Firenze, 50142 Florence, Italy
Isabel Dziobek: Clinical Psychology of Social Interaction, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10099 Berlin, Germany
Paula Sterkenburg: Bartiméus, 3941 XM Doorn, The Netherlands

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 20, 1-14

Abstract: Intellectual disability is a neurodevelopmental disorder with a related co-occurrence of mental health issues and challenging behaviors. In addition to purely cognitive functions, socio-emotional competencies may also be affected. In this paper, the lens of developmental social neuroscience is used to better understand the origins of mental disorders and challenging behaviors in people with an intellectual disability. The current concept of intelligence is broadened by socio-emotional brain functions. The emergence of these socio-emotional brain functions is linked to the formation of the respective neuronal networks located within the different parts of the limbic system. Thus, high order networks build on circuits that process more basic information. The socio-emotional skills can be assessed and complement the results of a standardized IQ-test. Disturbances of the brain cytoarchitecture and function that occur at a certain developmental period may increase the susceptibility to certain mental disorders. Insights into the current mental and socio-emotional functioning of a person may support clinicians in the calibration of treatment and support. Acknowledging the trajectories of the socio-emotional brain development may result in a more comprehensive understanding of behaviors and mental health in people with developmental delays and thus underpin supports for promotion of good mental health in this highly vulnerable population.

Keywords: developmental neuroscience; emotional functioning; intellectual disability; intervention mental health; limbic system; social brain network (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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