Persistent Depressive Disorder-Related Effect of Sleep Disorder on the Highest Risk of Suicide in Taiwan, 2000–2015

Sheng-Huang Hsiao, Chih-Chien Cheng, Iau-Jin Lin, Chia-Peng Yu, Yao-Ching Huang, Shi-Hao Huang, Chien-An Sun, Li-Yun Fann (), Miin-Yea Sheu () and Wu-Chien Chien ()
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Sheng-Huang Hsiao: Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei City Hospital, Ren-Ai Branch, Taipei 10629, Taiwan
Chih-Chien Cheng: Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Central University, Jhongli 32001, Taiwan
Iau-Jin Lin: Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
Chia-Peng Yu: Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
Yao-Ching Huang: Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
Shi-Hao Huang: Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology (Taipei Tech), Taipei 10608, Taiwan
Chien-An Sun: Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan
Li-Yun Fann: Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
Miin-Yea Sheu: Department of Nursing, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei 10684, Taiwan
Wu-Chien Chien: Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei 11490, Taiwan

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 20, 1-13

Abstract: Objective: to investigate whether persistent depressive disorder (PDD) affects sleep disorders (SDs) and increased suicide risk. Methods: in this study, we used the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) to select 117,033 SD patients, of whom 137 died by suicide, and 468,132 non-SD patients, of whom 118 died by suicide, and analyzed gender, age, and co-existing diseases. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using a multivariate Cox proportional hazards model. Results: the hazard ratio of suicide in SD patients was 1.429 times that of non-SD patients. The hazard ratio of suicide in female patients was 1.297 times higher than in males. Compared with people without PDD, people with PDD had a 7.195 times higher hazard ratio for suicide than those without PDD. PDD patients with SDs had a 2.05 times higher hazard ratio for suicide than those with no SDs. Conclusions: suicide risk was increased in SD patients, and the maximum suicide risk was greater in SD patients with PDD than in non-PDD patients. PDD affected SDs and increased suicide risk. Clinicians should be aware of the possibility that PDD affects patients with SDs and contributes to suicide risk.

Keywords: persistent depressive disorder (PDD); sleep disorder (SD); suicide; poor prognosis (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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