The Effect of Smoking Cessation on Body Weight and Other Metabolic Parameters with Focus on People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Stamatina Driva (), Aliki Korkontzelou, Serena Tonstad, Nikolaos Tentolouris and Paraskevi Katsaounou
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Stamatina Driva: Diabetes Centre, First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, Laiko General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
Aliki Korkontzelou: Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
Serena Tonstad: Department of Preventive Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway
Nikolaos Tentolouris: Diabetes Centre, First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, Laiko General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
Paraskevi Katsaounou: First Department of Critical Care, Evangelismos General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 10676 Athens, Greece

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 20, 1-20

Abstract: Smokers with diabetes mellitus substantially lower their risks of microvascular and macrovascular diabetic complications, in particular cardiovascular disease, by quitting smoking. However, subsequent post-smoking-cessation weight gain may attenuate some of the beneficial effects of smoking cessation and discourage attempts to quit. Weight gain can temporarily exacerbate diabetes and deteriorate glycemic control and metabolic profile. The molecular mechanisms by which quitting smoking leads to weight gain are largely associated with the removal of nicotine’s effects on the central nervous system. This review addresses mechanisms of post-smoking-cessation weight gain, by reviewing the effects of nicotine on appetite, food intake, eating behaviour, energy expenditure, fat oxidation and appetite-regulating peptides. We also highlight correlations between post-cessation weight gain and risk of type 2 diabetes, consequences of weight gain in people with type 2 diabetes and the role of pharmacotherapies, which combine treatment of nicotine addiction and promotion of weight control.

Keywords: smoking cessation; weight gain; nicotine; appetite-related peptides; diabetes; treatment for smoking cessation (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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