Comprehensive Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals Based on Species Sensitivity Distribution in Aquatic of Coastal Areas in Hong Kong

Shaowei Rong, Jin Wu, Xiaoyuan Cao and Yue Sun ()
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Shaowei Rong: College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
Jin Wu: College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
Xiaoyuan Cao: Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100875, China
Yue Sun: Marine Consulting Center, Ministry of Natural Resources, Maguanying Fengtai District, Beijing 100071, China

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 20, 1-20

Abstract: In recent decades, the ecological environment of some coastal areas in China has been seriously affected by terrestrial pollutants, and there is an urgent need for ecological risk assessment of China’s coastal environment. The assessment of heavy metal pollution in Hong Kong waters was carried out using different environmental and ecological indicators. The heavy metal contents (Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, As, Cr, and Hg) in the near coast of Hong Kong were analyzed for two different seasons of the year 2018 (April—spring and September—autumn). We assessed the distribution and enrichment of heavy metals in the near coast of Hong Kong, and the potential biohazardous effects were assessed using the species sensitivity distribution method. The results showed that only Pb, Zn, and Hg in seawater exceeded the Class I standard. Pb, Zn, Cd, and As in organisms exceeded the standard, and no heavy metals exceeded the standard in sediments. The species sensitivity distribution method indicated that the biohazardous factor of heavy metals of the Hong Kong coast is higher in spring than in autumn, and the potential hazard ratio has the characteristics of high northwest and low southeast, which leads to its msPAF also having these characteristics. From the correlational analyses among heavy metals, we found that the pH change in seawater was related to the concentration of heavy metals, the concentration of heavy metals in seawater was proportional to the salinity of seawater, Pb and Cu were likely to have the same source, and Zn and Cd may not have the same emission sources as the other heavy metals. Overall, heavy metal contamination of seawater, sediments, and organisms near the Hong Kong coast was within acceptable limits, but the problem of heavy metal dispersion should be prevented.

Keywords: species sensitivity distribution; ecotoxicology; environmental toxicology; ecological risk assessment; heavy metals; marine pollution (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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