Long-Term Influence of Locus of Control and Quality of Life on Metabolic Profile in Elderly Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes

Annalisa Giandalia, Marta Ragonese, Eugenio Alessi, Maria C. Ruffo, Alberto Sardella, Alessandro Cuttone, Maria A. Aragona, Antonio G. Versace, Giorgio Basile (), Domenico Cucinotta, Giovanni Squadrito and Giuseppina T. Russo
Additional contact information
Annalisa Giandalia: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
Marta Ragonese: Department of Human Pathology DETEV, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
Eugenio Alessi: Grande Ospedale Metropolitano “Bianchi, Melacrino, Morelli”, 89124 Reggio Calabria, Italy
Maria C. Ruffo: Presidio Ospedaliero “G. Jazzolino”, 89900 Vibo Valentia, Italy
Alberto Sardella: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
Alessandro Cuttone: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
Maria A. Aragona: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
Antonio G. Versace: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
Giorgio Basile: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
Domenico Cucinotta: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
Giovanni Squadrito: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
Giuseppina T. Russo: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 20, 1-16

Abstract: Background: The Locus of Control (LOC) is a mental disposition indicating the individuals’ belief that disease-related outcomes are under their own control (Internal), dependent on others (External), or dependent on chance (Chance). Quality of Life (QoL) and LOC may have complex effects on self-care activities and diabetes management in subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the predictive role of LOC and QoL scores on metabolic control in elderly T2D outpatients, secondly evaluating potential gender differences. Methods: An extensive set of questionnaires was administered to a group of consecutive elderly T2D outpatients on oral glucose-lowering drugs attending a single diabetes center. Personal and clinical variables were analyzed at baseline (between 1 February and 31 March 2015) and after 6 years of follow-up. Results: At baseline, study participants showed an overall good metabolic control. Diabetes Specific Quality of Life (DSQoL) scores indicated an overall good QoL in both genders, with a higher DSQoL satisfaction score in women. Both genders presented higher scores in the LOC-Internal domain, with men reaching higher scores in the LOC-External domain than women. At the 6-years follow-up, subjects with baseline higher LOC-External score presented better metabolic outcome. In the regression analysis, LOC-External score was an independent predictor of good metabolic control maintenance, but this result was only statistically significant in men. Conclusions: LOC scores may influence long-term glycemic control in elderly T2D patients on oral glucose-lowering drugs.

Keywords: type 2 diabetes; Locus of Control; elderly; quality of life; gender differences (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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