Carfilzomib’s Real-World Safety Outcomes in Korea: Target Trial Emulation Study Using Electronic Health Records

Ha Young Jang, Hyun Kyung Lee, Chae Jeong Kim, Sung-Soo Yoon, In-Wha Kim and Jung Mi Oh ()
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Ha Young Jang: College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
Hyun Kyung Lee: College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
Chae Jeong Kim: College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
Sung-Soo Yoon: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101, Daehak-ro, Jongro-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea
In-Wha Kim: College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
Jung Mi Oh: College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 20, 1-13

Abstract: Carfilzomib is a promising anticancer drug for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). However, real-world evidence has only investigated the cardiovascular safety of carfilzomib, and there is a high demand for thorough safety evaluations. We aimed to comprehensively evaluate the risk of adverse events associated with carfilzomib in Korean patients with RRMM. We followed up with 138 matched patients with RRMM (69 KRd (carfilzomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone) and 69 Rd (lenalidomide and dexamethasone) users). A total of 12 adverse events were evaluated. More than 75% of adverse events occurred during the early cycle (1–6 cycles), and the incidence rate showed a tendency to decrease in the later cycle (7–12 and 13–18 cycles). Severities of most adverse events were evaluated as grade 1-2. The KRd regimen were related with significantly increased risks of dyspnea (adjusted HR (aHR) 2.27, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.24–4.16), muscle spasm (aHR 5.12, 95% CI 1.05–24.9) and thrombocytopenia (aHR 1.84, 95% CI 1.10–3.06). Although the severities were low, carfilzomib has many side effects in treating RRMM; hence, findings on the patterns of its adverse events could lead to both effective and safe use of KRd therapy in real-world settings.

Keywords: real world safety; carfilzomib; relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma; target trial emulation (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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