Using the Oral Assessment Guide to Predict the Onset of Pneumonia in Residents of Long-Term Care and Welfare Facilities: A One-Year Prospective Cohort Study

Masahiro Yamanaka, Kanetaka Yamaguchi, Masumi Muramatsu, Hiroko Miura and Morio Ochi ()
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Masahiro Yamanaka: Division of Fixed Prosthodontics and Oral Implantology, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-gun 061-0293, Japan
Kanetaka Yamaguchi: Division of Fixed Prosthodontics and Oral Implantology, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-gun 061-0293, Japan
Masumi Muramatsu: School of Nursing, Sapporo City University, Sapporo 060-0011, Japan
Hiroko Miura: Division of Disease Control and Epidemiology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-gun 061-0293, Japan
Morio Ochi: Division of Fixed Prosthodontics and Oral Implantology, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-gun 061-0293, Japan

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 21, 1-9

Abstract: Appropriate oral health care, depending on oral assessments, reduces the onset of pneumonia. However, the relationship between risk evaluation using an oral assessment tool and pneumonia in residents of long-term care facilities has not been fully elucidated. In the present study, we aim to examine the relationship between the total scores of the Oral Assessment Guide (OAG) and the incidence of pneumonia after a one-year baseline study of residents in long-term care facilities. The settings for sampling include nine long-term care facilities in Hokkaido. At baseline, there were 267 study subjects. A total of 72 individuals dropped out and 11 individuals met the exclusion criteria. Therefore, the subject sample included 184 individuals. Among the subjects included in our analyses, eight individuals developed pneumonia (six males and two females). A multiple logistic regression analysis was performed with the risk factors for developing pneumonia. Evaluations were performed based on the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). We observed that the OR for pneumonia onset was 2.29 (CI: 1.27–4.14) after being adjusted for pneumonia risk factors. Therefore, it was suggested that the total scores of the OAG could be used to screen for the risk of pneumonia onset in residents of long-term care and welfare facilities.

Keywords: dental; OAG; pneumonia; residents of long-term care and welfare facilities (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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