Effectiveness of COVID-19 Vaccination on Reduction of Hospitalizations and Deaths in Elderly Patients in Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil

Ana Isabela L. Sales-Moioli, Leonardo J. Galvão-Lima (), Talita K. B. Pinto, Pablo H. Cardoso, Rodrigo D. Silva, Felipe Fernandes, Ingridy M. P. Barbalho, Fernando L. O. Farias, Nicolas V. R. Veras, Gustavo F. Souza, Agnaldo S. Cruz, Ion G. M. Andrade, Lúcio Gama and Ricardo A. M. Valentim
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Ana Isabela L. Sales-Moioli: Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59012-300, RN, Brazil
Leonardo J. Galvão-Lima: Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59012-300, RN, Brazil
Talita K. B. Pinto: Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59012-300, RN, Brazil
Pablo H. Cardoso: Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59012-300, RN, Brazil
Rodrigo D. Silva: Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59012-300, RN, Brazil
Felipe Fernandes: Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59012-300, RN, Brazil
Ingridy M. P. Barbalho: Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59012-300, RN, Brazil
Fernando L. O. Farias: Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59012-300, RN, Brazil
Nicolas V. R. Veras: Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59012-300, RN, Brazil
Gustavo F. Souza: Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59012-300, RN, Brazil
Agnaldo S. Cruz: Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59012-300, RN, Brazil
Ion G. M. Andrade: Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59012-300, RN, Brazil
Lúcio Gama: Department of Molecular and Comparative Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
Ricardo A. M. Valentim: Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59012-300, RN, Brazil

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 21, 1-14

Abstract: Since the COVID-19 pandemic emerged, vaccination has been the core strategy to mitigate the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in humans. This paper analyzes the impact of COVID-19 vaccination on hospitalizations and deaths in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. We analyzed data from 23,516 hospitalized COVID-19 patients diagnosed between April 2020 and August 2021. We excluded the data from patients hospitalized through direct occupancy, unknown outcomes, and unconfirmed COVID-19 cases, resulting in data from 12,635 patients cross-referenced with the immunization status during hospitalization. Our results indicated that administering at least one dose of the immunizers was sufficient to significantly reduce the occurrence of moderate and severe COVID-19 cases among patients under 59 years. Considering the partially or fully immunized patients, the mean age is similar between the analyzed groups, despite the occurrence of comorbidities and higher than that observed among not immunized patients. Thus, immunized patients present lower Unified Score for Prioritization (USP) levels when diagnosed with COVID-19. Our data suggest that COVID-19 vaccination significantly reduced the hospitalization and death of elderly patients (60+ years) after administration of at least one dose. Comorbidities do not change the mean age of moderate/severe COVID-19 cases and the days required for the hospitalization of these patients.

Keywords: COVID-19; immunization; effectiveness; hospitalization (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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