Accelerated PAH Transformation in the Presence of Dye Industry Landfill Leachate Combined with Fungal Membrane Lipid Changes

Aleksandra Góralczyk-Bińkowska, Andrzej Długoński, Przemysław Bernat, Jerzy Długoński () and Anna Jasińska
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Aleksandra Góralczyk-Bińkowska: Department of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16 Street, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
Andrzej Długoński: Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University in Warsaw, Wóycickiego 1/3 Street, 01-938 Warsaw, Poland
Przemysław Bernat: Department of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16 Street, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
Jerzy Długoński: Department of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16 Street, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
Anna Jasińska: Department of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16 Street, 90-237 Lodz, Poland

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 21, 1-19

Abstract: The ascomycete fungus Nectriella pironii , previously isolated from soil continuously contaminated by dye industry waste, was used for the biodegradation of phenanthrene (PHE), benz[a]anthracene (B[a]A), and benz[a]pyrene (B[a]P). The degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by N. pironii was accelerated in the presence of landfill leachate (LL) collected from the area of fungus isolation. The rate of cometabolic elimination of PHE and B[a]P in the presence of LL was, respectively, 75% and 94% higher than in its absence. LC-MS/MS analysis revealed that PAHs were converted to less-toxic derivatives. The parallel lipidomic study showed changes in membrane lipids, including a significant increase in the content of phosphatidylcholine (PC) (almost double) and saturated phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) and a simultaneous reduction (twofold) in the content of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and unsaturated PLFAs, which may have promoted the fungus to PHE + LL adaptation. In the presence of PHE, an intense lipid peroxidation (fivefold) was observed, confirming the stabilization of the cell membrane and its extended integrity. Determining the course of elimination and adaptation to harmful pollutants is essential for the design of efficient bioremediation systems in the future.

Keywords: Nectriella pironii; PAHs; leachates; biodegradation; lipidomics (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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