Risky Early Family Environment and Genetic Associations with Adult Metabolic Dysregulation

Yazmine P. Huizar, Jenny M. Cundiff, Adam T. Schmidt and Matthew R. Cribbet ()
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Yazmine P. Huizar: Department of Psychology, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
Jenny M. Cundiff: Department of Psychology, University of Alabama, 348 Gordon Palmer Hall, Box 870348, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
Adam T. Schmidt: Department of Psychology, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
Matthew R. Cribbet: Department of Psychology, University of Alabama, 348 Gordon Palmer Hall, Box 870348, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 21, 1-15

Abstract: Growing up in a family environment characterized by neglectful parenting, overt conflict, and unsupportive relationships is associated with poor health in adulthood. A risky early family environment may also be associated with obesity in adulthood, likely through the activation of the HPA axis. Likewise, the GABAergic (gamma-aminobutyric acid) T>C single nucleotide polymorphism in the 1519 nucleotide position of the GABAAα6 receptor subunit gene has been associated with a predisposition to a higher body mass index and a larger waist circumference. Participants (n = 213, M age = 30.13 years, SD = 10.85; 57.7% men) from the Pittsburgh Cold Study 3 completed a demographic questionnaire, the Risky Families Questionnaire (RFQ) and had their height, weight, and waist circumference measured during a physical exam. Participant DNA was recovered from buccal swabs and genotyped for the various allelic types of the SNP according to published protocols. In secondary data analyses, we tested the hypothesis that early family environment and GABRA6 would be positively associated with body mass index and waist circumference. We also examined diurnal cortisol as a mechanism linking both early risky family environment and GABRA6 to metabolic outcomes. The findings provide evidence that a risky early family environment may exert more influence than genetic predisposition when determining the indices of metabolic health in adulthood.

Keywords: early risky family environment; genetic; body mass index; waist circumference (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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