Leisure Time Physical Activity and SARS-CoV-2 Infection among ELSA-Brasil Participants

Francisco José Gondim Pitanga (), Maria da Conceição Almeida, Bruce B. Duncan, José Geraldo Mill, Luana Giatti, Maria del Carmen B. Molina, Maria de Jesus Mendes da Fonseca, Maria Inês Schmidt, Rosane Harter Griep, Sandhi Maria Barreto and Sheila Maria Alvim de Matos
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Francisco José Gondim Pitanga: Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador 40110-150, Brazil
Maria da Conceição Almeida: Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Salvador 40296-710, Brazil
Bruce B. Duncan: Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Brazil
José Geraldo Mill: Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória 29075-910, Brazil
Luana Giatti: Research Group on Epidemiology on Chronic and Occupational Diseases (GERMINAL), Faculty of Medicine & Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
Maria del Carmen B. Molina: Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória 29075-910, Brazil
Maria de Jesus Mendes da Fonseca: National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21049-900, Brazil
Maria Inês Schmidt: Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Brazil
Rosane Harter Griep: Laboratory of Health and Environment Education, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21049-900, Brazil
Sandhi Maria Barreto: Research Group on Epidemiology on Chronic and Occupational Diseases (GERMINAL), Faculty of Medicine & Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
Sheila Maria Alvim de Matos: Institute of Collective Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40110-040, Brazil

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 21, 1-9

Abstract: The regular practice of physical activity (PA) can reduce the chance of aggravation of the disease and lower rates of hospitalization and mortality from COVID-19, but few studies have analyzed the association of PA with the risk of infection by SARS-CoV-2. The aim of the study was to analyze the association between PA and self-reported SARS-CoV-2 infection. A longitudinal study was conducted with data from 4476 ELSA-Brasil participants who had their PA analyzed twice, once in 2016–2018 and again in 2020. PA was identified using the IPAQ at both follow-up moments and categorized into four groups: (a) remained physically inactive (reference); (b) remained physically active; (c) became physically active in the second moment; and (d) became physically inactive in the second moment. The variables of age, sex, obesity, hypertension, diabetes and specific protective practices against COVID-19 were tested as possible confounders. Data were analyzed by logistic regression. A 95% confidence interval (CI) was used. Remaining physically active was associated with a 43% reduction in the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection only among those who used specific practices to protect against COVID-19, OR = 0.57 and CI = 0.32-0.99. The results suggested that regular practice of PA can reduce the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, especially among those who have used specific practices to protect against COVID-19 during the pandemic.

Keywords: physical activity; SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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