Frequency of Follow-Up Attendance and Blood Glucose Monitoring in Type 2 Diabetic Patients at Moderate to High Cardiovascular Risk: A Cross-Sectional Study in Primary Care

Yunyi Li, Qiya Zhong, Sufen Zhu, Hui Cheng, Wenyong Huang, Harry H. X. Wang () and Yu-Ting Li ()
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Yunyi Li: School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
Qiya Zhong: School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
Sufen Zhu: Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6GG, UK
Hui Cheng: School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
Wenyong Huang: State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
Harry H. X. Wang: School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
Yu-Ting Li: State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 21, 1-12

Abstract: Regular follow-up attendance in primary care and routine blood glucose monitoring are essential in diabetes management, particularly for patients at higher cardiovascular (CV) risk. We sought to examine the regularity of follow-up attendance and blood glucose monitoring in a primary care sample of type 2 diabetic patients at moderate-to-high CV risk, and to explore factors associated with poor engagement. Cross-sectional data were collected from 2130 patients enrolled in a diabetic retinopathy screening programme in Guangdong province, China. Approximately one-third of patients (35.9%) attended clinical follow-up <4 times in the past year. Over half of patients (56.9%) failed to have blood glucose monitored at least once per month. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that rural residents (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.420, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.338–0.522, p < 0.001, for follow-up attendance; aOR = 0.580, 95%CI: 0.472–0.712, p < 0.001, for blood glucose monitoring) and subjects with poor awareness of adverse consequences of diabetes complications (aOR = 0.648, 95%CI = 0.527–0.796, p < 0.001, for follow-up attendance; aOR = 0.770, 95%CI = 0.633–0.937, p = 0.009, for blood glucose monitoring) were both less likely to achieve active engagement. Our results revealed an urban–rural divide in patients’ engagement in follow-up attendance and blood glucose monitoring, which suggested the need for different educational approaches tailored to the local context to enhance diabetes care.

Keywords: follow-up attendance; blood glucose monitoring; type 2 diabetes mellitus; diabetes management; primary care (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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