Effect of Home-Based Training with a Daily Calendar on Preventing Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older People during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Misa Nakamura (), Masataka Ohki, Riku Mizukoshi, Itsuki Takeno, Taira Tsujita, Ryota Imai, Masakazu Imaoka and Masatoshi Takeda
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Misa Nakamura: Graduate School of Rehabilitation, Osaka Kawasaki Rehabilitation University, Kaizuka, Osaka 597-0104, Japan
Masataka Ohki: Graduate School of Rehabilitation, Osaka Kawasaki Rehabilitation University, Kaizuka, Osaka 597-0104, Japan
Riku Mizukoshi: Department of Rehabilitation, Osaka Kawasaki Rehabilitation University, Kaizuka, Osaka 597-0104, Japan
Itsuki Takeno: Department of Rehabilitation, Osaka Kawasaki Rehabilitation University, Kaizuka, Osaka 597-0104, Japan
Taira Tsujita: Department of Rehabilitation, Osaka Kawasaki Rehabilitation University, Kaizuka, Osaka 597-0104, Japan
Ryota Imai: Graduate School of Rehabilitation, Osaka Kawasaki Rehabilitation University, Kaizuka, Osaka 597-0104, Japan
Masakazu Imaoka: Graduate School of Rehabilitation, Osaka Kawasaki Rehabilitation University, Kaizuka, Osaka 597-0104, Japan
Masatoshi Takeda: Graduate School of Rehabilitation, Osaka Kawasaki Rehabilitation University, Kaizuka, Osaka 597-0104, Japan

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 21, 1-9

Abstract: It has been reported that marked decreases in physical activity including social activities, deterioration in eating habits and mental health, and an increase in frailty have occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to devise a method to prevent the onset and progression of frailty during the COVID-19 pandemic and to verify its effect. The subjects were 111 community-dwelling older people who answered questionnaires before and after the intervention. A calendar incorporating 31 different tasks, one for each day, was created as an intervention tool with the aim of improving motor, oral, and cognitive functions. The intervention group ( n = 49) participants performed these tasks every day for 3 months. The primary outcome was the Kihon checklist (KCL) score. When the amount of change in the KCL score before and after 3 months was compared between the two groups, no difference in the total score was observed between the two groups; however, the intervention group showed significantly improved cognitive function in the KCL sub-domain. In the intervention group, the number of pre-frailty and frailty patients decreased significantly after the intervention compared to before the intervention. These results suggest that the use of the calendar created in this study during the COVID-19 pandemic could prevent decreased cognitive function in the KCL sub-domain and could help prevent the onset and progression of pre-frailty and frailty.

Keywords: COVID-19; frailty; calendar; community-dwelling; older people (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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