Factors Associated with Housing Damage Caused by an EF4 Tornado in Rural Areas of Funing, China

Peng Qiao, Wei Chen (), Jun Zhao, Jingyi Gao and Guofang Zhai
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Peng Qiao: School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, China
Wei Chen: School of Geographic and Biologic Information, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
Jun Zhao: Jiangsu Provincial Architectural Design and Research Institute, Nanjing 210019, China
Jingyi Gao: Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8572, Japan
Guofang Zhai: School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, China

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 21, 1-16

Abstract: Rural areas are vulnerable to natural disasters and tend to suffer severe losses. An EF4 tornado occurred in Funing on 23 June 2016, killing 99 people, injuring at least 846 people, and destroying more than 2000 houses. Using a multinomial logistic regression model, this study explored the influencing factors between housing damage and variables of building conditions, tornado intensity, and village environmental factors. The results show that 2-story houses and masonry houses were more likely to be slightly damaged or be in a dangerous state. Furthermore, the building area was positively related to houses in two categories: slight damage (SD) and dangerous and requiring immediate repair (DR), indicating that the larger or taller the house, the more severe the damage. In terms of tornado intensity, houses classified as SD were more likely to be hit by EF4 tornados than by EF3 tornados, and houses were damaged more by EF1 or EF2 tornados. This finding demonstrates that the level of housing damage was not strongly correlated with the tornado intensity. Slightly damaged houses exhibited the highest correlation with environmental factors. The proportion of slightly damaged houses was positively correlated with the water area in the village, unlike the proportion of houses in the DR and unable to be repaired (UR) categories. Moreover, the larger the water area of a village, the less housing damage it suffered. These findings provide new insights into minimizing housing damage in wind disasters to improve disaster prevention planning in rural areas.

Keywords: tornado; housing damage; wind disaster; emergency management; disaster prevention (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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