An Evaluation of Non-Communicable Diseases and Risk Factors Associated with COVID-19 Disease Severity in Dubai, United Arab Emirates: An Observational Retrospective Study

Najwa Abdulwahed Al Bastaki, Mohamud Sheek-Hussein, Ankita Shukla, Najlaa Al-Bluwi and Basema Saddik ()
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Najwa Abdulwahed Al Bastaki: Department of Public Health Protection, Dubai Health Authority, Dubai P.O. Box 4545, United Arab Emirates
Mohamud Sheek-Hussein: Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
Ankita Shukla: Sharjah Institute for Medical and Health Sciences Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
Najlaa Al-Bluwi: Sharjah Institute for Medical and Health Sciences Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
Basema Saddik: Sharjah Institute for Medical and Health Sciences Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 21, 1-14

Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of non-communicable diseases and their correlation with COVID-19 disease severity among patients infected in Dubai. Clinical and demographic data were extracted from hospital records of 34,687 COVID-19 patients who visited or were admitted into Dubai hospitals between 28 January 2020 and 30 September 2020. Prevalence of co-morbidities in COVID-19 patients were assessed. The main risk factors associated with COVID-19 disease severity were also identified using three regression models. All co-morbidities were significantly associated with COVID-19 severity in the bivariate analysis ( p -value ≤ 0.05) except for vitamin-D deficiency and chronic lower respiratory diseases. Patients with ischemic heart diseases (AOR: 2.08; 95% CI: 1.37, 3.15), pulmonary and other heart diseases (AOR: 2.13; 95% CI: 1.36, 3.32) and chronic kidney diseases (AOR: 1.81; 95% CI: 1.01, 3.25) had higher odds of severe COVID-19 symptoms. Suffering from multiple co-morbidities increased the odds of developing severe COVID-19 symptoms substantially in comparison to having only one co-morbidity i.e., (AOR: 1.52; 95% CI 1.76–2.60) to (AOR: 2.33; 95% CI: 1.37, 3.97). Identifying these risk factors could assist in the early recognition of high-risk populations and ensure the most appropriate preventive measures and required medical management during the pandemic.

Keywords: COVID-19; severity; comorbidities; prevalence; predictors (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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