Arterial Stiffness following Endurance and Resistance Exercise Sessions in Older Patients with Coronary Artery Disease

Vanessa Santos (), Luís Miguel Massuça (), Vitor Angarten, Xavier Melo, Rita Pinto, Bo Fernhall and Helena Santa-Clara
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Vanessa Santos: CIPER, Exercise and Health Laboratory, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Cruz Quebrada, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal
Luís Miguel Massuça: ICPOL Research Center, Higher Institute of Police Sciences and Internal Security, 1349-040 Lisbon, Portugal
Vitor Angarten: CIPER, Exercise and Health Laboratory, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Cruz Quebrada, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal
Xavier Melo: CIPER, Exercise and Health Laboratory, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Cruz Quebrada, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal
Rita Pinto: Structural and Coronary Heart Disease Unit, Centro Cardiovascular da Universidade de Lisboa (CCUL@RISE), Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal
Bo Fernhall: College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, MA 02125-3393, USA
Helena Santa-Clara: CIPER, Exercise and Health Laboratory, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Cruz Quebrada, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 22, 1-12

Abstract: Arterial stiffness (AS) is associated with coronary artery disease (CAD). Acute endurance training decreases AS, whereas acute resistance training increases it. However, these results are from studies in apparently healthy adults, and there is no information on the effects of such afterload AS in elderly patients with CAD. We aimed to investigate the effect of acute endurance or resistance training on the time course of changes in the indices of AS in elderly patients with CAD in order to understand how stiffness responds after training. We tested 18 trained men with CAD. AS was measured using central and peripheral pulse wave velocity (PWV) after 15 min of rest and after 5, 15, and 30 min of endurance and resistance training sessions. The endurance session consisted of high-intensity interval walking at 85–90% of maximum heart rate, and the resistance session consisted of 70% of the maximum of one repetition. An interaction effect was found for central and peripheral PWV ( p ≤ 0.001; carotid, η 2 = 0.72; aortic, η 2 = 0.90; femoral, η 2 = 0.74), which was due to an increase in PWV after resistance and a decrease in central and peripheral PWV after endurance. This study demonstrates that training mode influences the time course of AS responses to acute exercise in these patients. Acute endurance training decreased AS, whereas resistance training significantly increased it.

Keywords: acute exercise adaptations; arterial stiffness; cardiovascular disease; pulse wave velocity (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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