Diets, Dietary Patterns, Single Foods and Pancreatic Cancer Risk: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses

Vincenza Gianfredi, Pietro Ferrara (), Monica Dinu, Mariateresa Nardi () and Daniele Nucci
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Vincenza Gianfredi: Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via Pascal, 36, 20133 Milan, Italy
Pietro Ferrara: Center for Public Health Research, University of Milan-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
Monica Dinu: Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
Mariateresa Nardi: Nutritional Support Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Via Gattamelata, 64, 35128 Padua, Italy
Daniele Nucci: Nutritional Support Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Via Gattamelata, 64, 35128 Padua, Italy

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 22, 1-19

Abstract: Pancreatic cancer (PC) represents the third leading cause of cancer death in 2020. Despite the fact that, in 2018, the World Cancer Research Fund report concluded that there is still a lack of evidence on the role of foods or diets and risk for PC, a flourishing body of evidence has been published and needs to be analyzed. For this reason, we conducted an umbrella review on the association between different dietary patterns/food components and PC. Data sources PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Collaboration were searched. The Joanna Briggs Institute Umbrella Review Methodology was used. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO. A total of 23 articles were included, covering a wide range of dietary patterns/food components: healthy/prudent dietary patterns ( n = 4), Mediterranean diets (MedDiet) ( n = 1), plant-based diets ( n = 2), the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) ( n = 2), western diets ( n = 2), and, lastly, unhealthy diets ( n = 2). Regarding dietary components, the following were assessed: total fruit ( n = 2), citrus fruit ( n = 1), total vegetables ( n = 2), cruciferous vegetables ( n = 1), red meat ( n = 6), processed meat ( n = 4), poultry ( n = 2), eggs ( n = 1), fish ( n = 5), whole grain ( n = 2), potato ( n = 1), and nuts ( n = 2). The methodological quality of the included meta-analyses was generally low or critically low. Although the strength of evidence was generally weak, convincing or suggestive evidence was found for a healthy/prudent, plant-based diet, fruit and vegetables, and lower risk of PC, whereas a high intake of red meat was associated with a higher risk of PC at a convincing level of evidence. Further studies are needed to confirm the role of the other dietary patterns/food components and the risk of PC.

Keywords: review; meta-analysis; umbrella review; pancreatic cancer; diet; dietary patterns; food (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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