Exposure to House Dust Mite Allergen and Endotoxin in Early Life and Sensitization and Allergic Rhinitis: The JECS

Reiji Kojima (), Ryoji Shinohara, Megumi Kushima, Sayaka Horiuchi, Sanae Otawa, Kunio Miyake, Hiroshi Yokomichi, Yuka Akiyama, Tadao Ooka, Zentaro Yamagata and the Japan Environment and Children’s Study Group
Additional contact information
Reiji Kojima: Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Shimokato, Chuo 1110, Kofu 409-3898, Yamanashi, Japan
Ryoji Shinohara: Center for Birth Cohort Studies, University of Yamanashi, Shimokato, Chuo 1110, Kofu 409-3898, Yamanashi, Japan
Megumi Kushima: Center for Birth Cohort Studies, University of Yamanashi, Shimokato, Chuo 1110, Kofu 409-3898, Yamanashi, Japan
Sayaka Horiuchi: Center for Birth Cohort Studies, University of Yamanashi, Shimokato, Chuo 1110, Kofu 409-3898, Yamanashi, Japan
Sanae Otawa: Center for Birth Cohort Studies, University of Yamanashi, Shimokato, Chuo 1110, Kofu 409-3898, Yamanashi, Japan
Kunio Miyake: Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Shimokato, Chuo 1110, Kofu 409-3898, Yamanashi, Japan
Hiroshi Yokomichi: Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Shimokato, Chuo 1110, Kofu 409-3898, Yamanashi, Japan
Yuka Akiyama: Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Shimokato, Chuo 1110, Kofu 409-3898, Yamanashi, Japan
Tadao Ooka: Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Shimokato, Chuo 1110, Kofu 409-3898, Yamanashi, Japan
Zentaro Yamagata: Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Shimokato, Chuo 1110, Kofu 409-3898, Yamanashi, Japan
the Japan Environment and Children’s Study Group: The complete membership of the author group can be found in the Acknowledgments.

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 22, 1-9

Abstract: The association between endotoxin and allergic rhinitis (AR) is not conclusive. The aim of this study was to determine the association between endotoxin and house dust mite (HDM) allergens in dust, and HDM sensitization and AR among Japanese infants. This study included 4188 participants in the Sub-Cohort Study of the Japan Environment and Children’s Study. Dust was collected from children’s mattresses at age 18 months and endotoxin and HDM allergen levels were measured. A logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between endotoxin or HDM allergen and the sensitization to HDM (specific-IgE) at age 2 and AR at age 3. The median (interquartile range) endotoxin level was 375.1(186.9–826.5) EU/m 2 and the Der 1 (Der p 1 + Der f 1) level was 51.2 (14.8–168.6) ng/m 2 . There were significant positive associations between endotoxin and HDM sensitization (Der f 1, adjusted odds ratio [aOR] quartile [Q] 4 vs. Q1, 1.44, 95% CI, 1.04–2.00; Der p 1, aOR Q4 vs. Q1, 1.56, 95% CI, 1.12–2.16). There were also significant positive associations between Der 1 exposure and HDM sensitization (Der f 1, aOR Q3 vs. Q1, 1.75, 95% CI, 1.26–2.44; aOR Q4 vs. Q1, 2.98, 95% CI, 2.15–4.13; Der p 1, aOR Q3 vs. Q1, 1.91, 95% CI, 1.37–2.66; aOR Q4 vs. Q1, 2.91, 95% CI, 2.09–4.05). There were, however, no associations between endotoxin or Der 1 and AR. In the population residing mostly in non-farming settings, both endotoxin and HDM allergens in dust were associated with an increased risk of HDM allergen sensitization, but not with AR.

Keywords: allergic rhinitis; endotoxin; house dust mite; sensitization (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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