Isothiocyanate-Rich Extracts from Cauliflower ( Brassica oleracea Var. Botrytis) and Radish ( Raphanus sativus ) Inhibited Metabolic Activity and Induced ROS in Selected Human HCT116 and HT-29 Colorectal Cancer Cells

Mardey Liceth Cuellar-Nuñez (), Ivan Luzardo-Ocampo (), Sarah Lee-Martínez, Michelle Larrauri-Rodríguez, Guadalupe Zaldívar-Lelo de Larrea, Rosa Martha Pérez-Serrano and Nicolás Camacho-Calderón
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Mardey Liceth Cuellar-Nuñez: Advanced Biomedical Research Center, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Queretaro 76140, Mexico
Ivan Luzardo-Ocampo: Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Queretaro 76230, Mexico
Sarah Lee-Martínez: Advanced Biomedical Research Center, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Queretaro 76140, Mexico
Michelle Larrauri-Rodríguez: Licenciatura en Medicina General, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Queretaro 76176, Mexico
Guadalupe Zaldívar-Lelo de Larrea: Advanced Biomedical Research Center, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Queretaro 76140, Mexico
Rosa Martha Pérez-Serrano: Advanced Biomedical Research Center, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Queretaro 76140, Mexico
Nicolás Camacho-Calderón: Advanced Biomedical Research Center, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Queretaro 76140, Mexico

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 22, 1-19

Abstract: Cruciferous vegetables such as cauliflower and radish contain isothiocyanates exhibiting chemoprotective effects in vitro and in vivo. This research aimed to assess the impact of cauliflower (CIE) and radish (RIE) isothiocyanate extracts on the metabolic activity, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), and LDH production of selected human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (HCT116 and HT-29 for early and late colon cancer development, respectively). Non-cancerous colon cells (CCD-33Co) were used as a cytotoxicity control. The CIE samples displayed the highest allyl isothiocyanate (AITC: 12.55 µg/g) contents, whereas RIE was the most abundant in benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC: 15.35 µg/g). Both extracts effectively inhibited HCT116 and HT-29 metabolic activity, but the CIE impact was higher than that of RIE on HCT116 (IC 50 : 0.56 mg/mL). Assays using the half-inhibitory concentrations (IC 50 ) of all treatments, including AITC and BITC, displayed increased ( p < 0.05) LDH (absorbance: 0.25–0.40 nm) and ROS release (1190–1697 relative fluorescence units) in both cell lines. BITC showed the highest in silico binding affinity with all the tested colorectal cancer molecular markers (NF-kB, β-catenin, and NRF2-NFE2). The theoretical evaluation of AITC and BITC bioavailability showed high values for both compounds. The results indicate that CIE and RIE extracts display chemopreventive effects in vitro, but additional experiments are needed to validate their effects.

Keywords: cauliflower ( Brassica oleracea ); colon cancer; in silico; isothiocyanates; LDH; MTT; radish ( Raphanus sativus ) (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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