Physical, Optical, and Mechanical Properties of Ceramic Materials after Coffee Immersion and Evaluation of Cleaning Impact with Different Oral Hygiene Tools

Nasser M. Al Ahmari, Maram A. Alahmari, Mohammed M. Al Moaleem (), Raghad S. A. Alshahrani, Fatimah F. Alqahtani, Waad Saeed Mohammed, Bandar M. A. Al-Makramani, Vini Mehta (), Aida Meto and Agron Meto
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Nasser M. Al Ahmari: Prosthetic Department, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
Maram A. Alahmari: Saudi Board Prosthodontic Resident, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
Mohammed M. Al Moaleem: Department of Prosthetic Dental Science, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
Raghad S. A. Alshahrani: Dental Interns, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
Fatimah F. Alqahtani: Dental Interns, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
Waad Saeed Mohammed: Dental Interns, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
Bandar M. A. Al-Makramani: Department of Prosthetic Dental Science, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
Vini Mehta: Department of Public Health Dentistry, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune 411018, India
Aida Meto: Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Aldent, 1007 Tirana, Albania
Agron Meto: Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Aldent, 1007 Tirana, Albania

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 22, 1-15

Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of three oral hygiene tools, a regular toothbrush, an electronic toothbrush, and mouthwash, on the color stability of three different computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided manufactured (CAM) ceramic blocks. Feldspathic ceramic (Vita Triluxe Forte), hybrid resin ceramic (Vita Enamic), and lithium disilicate glass-ceramic (IPS e.max CAD) were used in this study. A CAD/CAM system and 81 (27 of each material) samples of ceramic blocks were used. All samples were immersed in black coffee for 15 days, and the coffee was changed twice per day. Using a spectrophotometer probe, samples on a grey background were scanned, and physical properties like surface hardness and depth were measured using interferometry and a 3D non-contact surface metrology. After 30 days of application of oral hygiene tools, instruments were used to measure various physical, mechanical, and optical properties. Vita Triluxe had the highest average color variation values (Δ E 00 ) after 15 and 30 days of immersion in coffee in both regular and electronic toothbrushes. Moreover, IPS e.max CAD had the least Δ E 00 values with no significant differences among the groups. The surface roughness (Ra) of the Vita Enamic ceramic increased when using a regular toothbrush, and the surface height (Rz) for the Vita Enamic ceramic increased when an electronic toothbrush was used. IPS e.max CAD had the greatest modules of elasticity forces, and Vita Triluxe Forte had the lowest when used with a regular toothbrush. The Δ E 00 values of the tested materials were minimally increased or decreased after 30 days of cleaning, and all were clinically acceptable. Ra and Rz were the highest for Vita Enamic in comparison to the other groups. The highest percentage in IPS e.max CAD was associated with a type 1 fracture, whereas type 3 was predominantly observed with Vita Enamic, and type 2 in the Vita Triluxe group without significant differences.

Keywords: oral hygiene tools; coffee; ceramic; CAD/CAM; fracture type (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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