sFlt-1/PlGF Ratio Is Not a Good Predictor of Severe COVID-19 nor of Adverse Outcome in Pregnant Women with SARS-CoV-2 Infection—A Case-Control Study

Ewa Malicka, Iwona Szymusik, Beata Rebizant, Filip Dąbrowski, Robert Brawura-Biskupski-Samaha and Katarzyna Kosińska-Kaczyńska ()
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Ewa Malicka: Department of Obstetrics, Perinatology and Neonatology, Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-809 Warsaw, Poland
Iwona Szymusik: Department of Obstetrics, Perinatology and Neonatology, Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-809 Warsaw, Poland
Beata Rebizant: Department of Obstetrics, Perinatology and Neonatology, Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-809 Warsaw, Poland
Filip Dąbrowski: Department of Obstetrics, Perinatology and Neonatology, Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-809 Warsaw, Poland
Robert Brawura-Biskupski-Samaha: Department of Obstetrics, Perinatology and Neonatology, Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-809 Warsaw, Poland
Katarzyna Kosińska-Kaczyńska: Department of Obstetrics, Perinatology and Neonatology, Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-809 Warsaw, Poland

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 22, 1-12

Abstract: Background: Elevated serum levels of sFlt-1 were found in non-pregnant severe COVID-19 patients. The aim was to investigate sFlt-1/PlGF ratio as a predictor of severe disease and adverse outcome in pregnant women with COVID-19. Methods: A single-center case-control study was conducted in pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 infection. SARS-CoV-2-negative pregnant women served as controls. Serum sFlt-1/PlGF ratio was assessed. The primary outcome was severe COVID-19 and the secondary outcome comprised adverse outcomes including severe COVID-19, intensive care unit admission, maternal multiple organ failure, preterm delivery, fetal demise, preeclampsia or hypertension diagnosed after COVID-19, maternal death. Results: 138 women with SARS-CoV-2 infection and 140 controls were included. sFlt-1/PlGF ratio was higher in infected patients (11.2 vs. 24; p < 0.01) and in women with severe disease (50.8 vs. 16.2; p < 0.01). However, it was similar in women with adverse and non-adverse outcome (29.8 vs. 20; p = 0.2). The AUC of sFlt-1/PlGF ratio was 0.66 (95% CI 0.56–0.76) for the prediction of severe COVID-19, and 0.72 (95% CI 0.63–0.79) for the prediction of adverse outcome. Conclusions: sFlt-1 and sFlt-1/PlGF ratio are related to SARS-CoV-2 infection and the severity of COVID-19 during pregnancy. However, sFlt-1/PlGF ratio is not a good predictor of severe COVID-19 or adverse outcome.

Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; pregnancy; outcome; hypertension; preeclampsia (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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