Effect of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Augmented with Motor Imagery and Upper-Limb Functional Training for Upper-Limb Stroke Rehabilitation: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial

Faizan Zaffar Kashoo (), Raid Saleem Al-Baradie, Msaad Alzahrani, Ahmad Alanazi, Md Dilshad Manzar, Anchit Gugnani, Mohammad Sidiq, Mohammad Abu Shaphe, Mohamed Sherif Sirajudeen, Mehrunnisha Ahmad, Bader Althumayri, Abdullah Aljandal, Ahmed Almansour, Shady Abdullah Alshewaier and Aksh Chahal
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Faizan Zaffar Kashoo: Department of Physical Therapy and Health Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Al Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
Raid Saleem Al-Baradie: Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
Msaad Alzahrani: Department of Physical Therapy and Health Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Al Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
Ahmad Alanazi: Department of Physical Therapy and Health Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Al Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
Md Dilshad Manzar: Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Al Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
Anchit Gugnani: NIMS College of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, NIMS University Jaipur, Jaipur 303121, Rajasthan, India
Mohammad Sidiq: NIMS College of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, NIMS University Jaipur, Jaipur 303121, Rajasthan, India
Mohammad Abu Shaphe: Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 82511, Saudi Arabia
Mohamed Sherif Sirajudeen: Department of Physical Therapy and Health Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Al Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
Mehrunnisha Ahmad: Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Al Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
Bader Althumayri: Department of Physical Therapy, Security Forces Hospital, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia
Abdullah Aljandal: Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Al Fayha Club, Al Majmmah 11952, Saudi Arabia
Ahmed Almansour: Department of Physical Therapy and Health Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Al Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
Shady Abdullah Alshewaier: Department of Physical Therapy and Health Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Al Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
Aksh Chahal: Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Maharishi Markandeshwar, Mullana 133207, Haryana, India

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 22, 1-13

Abstract: Background: Combining transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) with other therapies is reported to produce promising results in patients with stroke. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of combining tDCS with motor imagery (MI) and upper-limb functional training for upper-limb rehabilitation among patients with chronic stroke. Methods: A single-center, prospective, randomized controlled trial was conducted among 64 patients with chronic stroke. The control group received sham tDCS with MI, while the experimental group received real tDCS with MI. Both groups performed five different upper-limb functional training exercises coupled with tDCS for 30 min, five times per week for two weeks. Fugl-Meyer’s scale (FMA) and the Action Research Arm Test (ARAT) were used to measure the outcome measures at baseline and after the completion of the 10th session. Results: Analysis of covariance showed significant improvements in the post-test mean scores for FMA (F (414.4) = 35.79, p < 0.001; η 2 = 0.37) and ARAT (F (440.09) = 37.46, p < 0.001; η 2 = 0.38) in the experimental group compared to the control group while controlling for baseline scores. Conclusions: Anodal tDCS stimulation over the affected primary motor cortex coupled with MI and upper-limb functional training reduces impairment and disability of the upper limbs among patients with chronic stroke.

Keywords: motor imagery; chronic stroke; transcranial direct current stimulation; upper-limb rehabilitation; Fugl-Meyer’s scale; action research arm test (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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