Eight Months of Serological Follow-Up of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in France: A Study among an Adult Population

Dorine Decarreaux, Julie Sevila, Shirley Masse, Lisandru Capai, Toscane Fourié, Paola Mariela Saba Villarroel, Abdennour Amroun, Elif Nurtop, Matthieu Vareille, Thierry Blanchon, Xavier de Lamballerie, Remi Charrel and Alessandra Falchi ()
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Dorine Decarreaux: Laboratoire de Virologie, Université de Corse Pascal Paoli, UR7310 Bioscope, 20250 Corte, France
Julie Sevila: Laboratoire de Virologie, Université de Corse Pascal Paoli, UR7310 Bioscope, 20250 Corte, France
Shirley Masse: Laboratoire de Virologie, Université de Corse Pascal Paoli, UR7310 Bioscope, 20250 Corte, France
Lisandru Capai: Laboratoire de Virologie, Université de Corse Pascal Paoli, UR7310 Bioscope, 20250 Corte, France
Toscane Fourié: Unité des Virus émergents, Aix Marseille University, IRD 190, INSERM U1207, IHU Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France
Paola Mariela Saba Villarroel: Unité des Virus émergents, Aix Marseille University, IRD 190, INSERM U1207, IHU Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France
Abdennour Amroun: Unité des Virus émergents, Aix Marseille University, IRD 190, INSERM U1207, IHU Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France
Elif Nurtop: Unité des Virus émergents, Aix Marseille University, IRD 190, INSERM U1207, IHU Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France
Matthieu Vareille: Laboratoire de Virologie, Université de Corse Pascal Paoli, UR7310 Bioscope, 20250 Corte, France
Thierry Blanchon: INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Institut Pierre Louis d’Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, IPLESP, 75012 Paris, France
Xavier de Lamballerie: Unité des Virus émergents, Aix Marseille University, IRD 190, INSERM U1207, IHU Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France
Remi Charrel: Unité des Virus émergents, Aix Marseille University, IRD 190, INSERM U1207, IHU Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France
Alessandra Falchi: Laboratoire de Virologie, Université de Corse Pascal Paoli, UR7310 Bioscope, 20250 Corte, France

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 22, 1-19

Abstract: Background: Uncertainties remain regarding the nature and durability of the humoral immune response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Aim: This study investigated immunoglobulin G response and neutralizing activity to evaluate the mean antibody concentrations and response duration induced by each vaccination regimen in a French adult population. Methods: A study including blood sampling and questionnaires was carried out from November 2020 to July 2021 with three separate follow-up phases. Spike proteins and neutralizing antibodies were quantified using ELISA and a virus-neutralization test. Results: Overall, 295 participants were included. Seroprevalences were 11.5% (n = 34), 10.5% (n = 31), and 68.1% (n = 201) in phases 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Importantly, 5.8% (n = 17) of participants lost their natural antibodies. Antibody response of participants with only a prior infection was 88.2 BAU/mL, significantly lower than those vaccinated, which was 1909.3 BAU/mL ( p = 0.04). Moreover, the antibody response of vaccinated participants with a prior infection was higher (3593.8 BAU/mL) than those vaccinated without prior infection (3402.9 BAU/mL) ( p = 0.78). Vaccinated participants with or without prior infection had a higher seroneutralization rate (91.0%) than those unvaccinated with prior infection (65.0%). Conclusion: These results demonstrated that single infection does not confer effective protection against SARS-CoV-2.

Keywords: COVID-19; seroconversion; long-lasting immunity; antibodies; vaccination (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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