Prevalence of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress in Junior High School Students in Guadalajara, Mexico: A Cross-Sectional Survey Study

Manuel Maciel-Saldierna, Emmanuel Elizondo-Hernández, Gabino Cervantes-Guevara, Enrique Cervantes-Pérez, Guillermo Alonso Cervantes-Cardona, Bertha Georgina Guzmán-Ramírez, Irma Valeria Brancaccio-Pérez, Jonathan Matías Chejfec-Ciociano, Mario Jesús Guzmán-Ruvalcaba, Luis Rodrigo Cifuentes-Andrade, Andrea Estefanía Cueto-Valadez, Tania Abigail Cueto-Valadez, Silvia Alejandra Ibarra-Camargo, Mel Paul Mellado-Tellez, Francisco José Barbosa-Camacho, Clotilde Fuentes-Orozco and Alejandro González-Ojeda ()
Additional contact information
Manuel Maciel-Saldierna: Secundaria 56 Mixta “Juana de Asbaje”, Guadalajara 44200, Jalisco, Mexico
Emmanuel Elizondo-Hernández: Secundaria 56 Mixta “Juana de Asbaje”, Guadalajara 44200, Jalisco, Mexico
Gabino Cervantes-Guevara: Departamento de Bienestar y Desarrollo Sustentable, Centro Universitario del Norte, Universidad de Guadalajara, Colotlán 46200, Jalisco, Mexico
Enrique Cervantes-Pérez: Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara “Fray Antonio Alcalde”, Guadalajara 44280, Jalisco, Mexico
Guillermo Alonso Cervantes-Cardona: Departamento de Disciplinas Filosófico, Metodológicas e Instrumentales, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, México
Bertha Georgina Guzmán-Ramírez: Departamento de Pediatría, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Fray Antonio Alcalde, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44280, Jalisco, Mexico
Irma Valeria Brancaccio-Pérez: Unidad de Investigación Médica 02, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44349, Jalisco, Mexico
Jonathan Matías Chejfec-Ciociano: Unidad de Investigación Médica 02, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44349, Jalisco, Mexico
Mario Jesús Guzmán-Ruvalcaba: Unidad de Investigación Médica 02, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44349, Jalisco, Mexico
Luis Rodrigo Cifuentes-Andrade: Unidad de Investigación Médica 02, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44349, Jalisco, Mexico
Andrea Estefanía Cueto-Valadez: Unidad de Investigación Médica 02, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44349, Jalisco, Mexico
Tania Abigail Cueto-Valadez: Unidad de Investigación Médica 02, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44349, Jalisco, Mexico
Silvia Alejandra Ibarra-Camargo: Unidad de Investigación Médica 02, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44349, Jalisco, Mexico
Mel Paul Mellado-Tellez: Unidad de Investigación Médica 02, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44349, Jalisco, Mexico
Francisco José Barbosa-Camacho: Unidad de Investigación Médica 02, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44349, Jalisco, Mexico
Clotilde Fuentes-Orozco: Unidad de Investigación Médica 02, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44349, Jalisco, Mexico
Alejandro González-Ojeda: Unidad de Investigación Médica 02, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44349, Jalisco, Mexico

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 23, 1-10

Abstract: Confinement and a lack of social interaction are associated with depressive symptoms, low self-esteem, and suicidal thoughts. We report the results of a cross-sectional survey of 1414 junior high school students. The aim was to evaluate the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress in Guadalajara, Mexico, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Mean scores on the validated Spanish version of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) were found to be 6.15 ± 5.6 for depression, 5.8 ± 5.2 for anxiety, and 8.08 ± 5.3 for stress. Female students scored higher in all three conditions ( p < 0.001). Students who had relatives infected with COVID-19 showed significantly more anxiety than those who did not ( p < 0.004). Although certain demographic groups are at higher risk of manifesting depression, anxiety, and stress, the student population has also been affected by the global impact of the pandemic.

Keywords: depression; anxiety; stress; psychological assessment; adolescent (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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