The Difference in Electromyographic Activity While Wearing a Medical Mask in Women with and without Temporomandibular Disorders

Michał Ginszt (), Grzegorz Zieliński, Jacek Szkutnik, Marcin Wójcicki, Michał Baszczowski, Monika Litko-Rola, Diana Zielińska and Ingrid Różyło-Kalinowska
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Michał Ginszt: Department of Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
Grzegorz Zieliński: Department of Sports Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
Jacek Szkutnik: Independent Unit of Functional Masticatory Disorders, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
Marcin Wójcicki: Independent Unit of Functional Masticatory Disorders, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
Michał Baszczowski: Interdisciplinary Scientific Group of Sports Medicine, Department of Sports Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
Monika Litko-Rola: Independent Unit of Functional Masticatory Disorders, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
Diana Zielińska: Independent Unit of Functional Masticatory Disorders, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
Ingrid Różyło-Kalinowska: Department of Dental and Maxillofacial Radiodiagnostics, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 23, 1-15

Abstract: Wearing a medical mask influences resting activity of the temporalis anterior and masseter muscles in healthy young women. However, no studies link medical mask-wearing with masticatory muscle activity in patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). Therefore, this study aims to compare electromyographic patterns while wearing a medical mask between women with and without temporomandibular disorders. Based on the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders, 115 adult women qualified for the study. Participants were divided into the following two groups: diagnosed TMDs ( n = 55; mean age: 23.5 ± 2.3 years) and healthy women ( n = 60; mean age: 23.7 ± 2.6 years). Examinations of the resting and functional electromyographic activity of the temporalis anterior (TA), superficial masseter (MM), anterior bellies of the digastric muscle (DA), and the middle part of the sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM) were carried out using the BioEMG III™. Both groups showed statistically significant decreases in resting masticatory muscle activity during medical mask examination compared to no mask measurement. The significant differences in no mask measurement between both groups were noted regarding resting masticatory activity, clenching in the intercuspal position, and clenching on dental cotton rollers. During medical mask examination, women with TMDs showed differences in resting masticatory activity and clenching on dental cotton rollers compared to the healthy group. In all analyzed variables, both groups showed similar electromyographic patterns in the maximum mouth opening measurement during medical mask and no mask examination. A medical mask influences the resting bioelectric activity of the masticatory muscles in women with temporomandibular disorders and healthy women. We observed differences and some similarities in resting and functional electromyographic patterns within masticatory and neck muscles in both groups during medical mask and no mask examination.

Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; TMDs; surface electromyography; masticatory muscles; medical mask (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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