High Anti-CoV2S Antibody Levels at Hospitalization Are Associated with Improved Survival in Patients with COVID-19 Vaccine Breakthrough Infection

Matthias Wolfgang Heinzl, Lisa Kolenchery, Michael Resl, Carmen Klammer, Anne Black, Florian Obendorf, Lukas Schinagl, Roland Feldbauer, Johannes Pohlhammer, Thomas Wagner, Thomas Berger, Benjamin Dieplinger and Martin Clodi ()
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Matthias Wolfgang Heinzl: Department of Internal Medicine, Konventhospital Barmherzige Brueder Linz (St. John of God Hospital Linz), 4020 Linz, Austria
Lisa Kolenchery: Department of Internal Medicine, Konventhospital Barmherzige Brueder Linz (St. John of God Hospital Linz), 4020 Linz, Austria
Michael Resl: Department of Internal Medicine, Konventhospital Barmherzige Brueder Linz (St. John of God Hospital Linz), 4020 Linz, Austria
Carmen Klammer: Department of Internal Medicine, Konventhospital Barmherzige Brueder Linz (St. John of God Hospital Linz), 4020 Linz, Austria
Anne Black: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Konventhospital Barmherzige Brueder Linz (St. John of God Hospital Linz), 4020 Linz, Austria
Florian Obendorf: Department of Internal Medicine, Konventhospital Barmherzige Brueder Linz (St. John of God Hospital Linz), 4020 Linz, Austria
Lukas Schinagl: Department of Internal Medicine, Konventhospital Barmherzige Brueder Linz (St. John of God Hospital Linz), 4020 Linz, Austria
Roland Feldbauer: Department of Internal Medicine, Konventhospital Barmherzige Brueder Linz (St. John of God Hospital Linz), 4020 Linz, Austria
Johannes Pohlhammer: Department of Internal Medicine, Konventhospital Barmherzige Brueder Linz (St. John of God Hospital Linz), 4020 Linz, Austria
Thomas Wagner: Department of Internal Medicine, Konventhospital Barmherzige Brueder Linz (St. John of God Hospital Linz), 4020 Linz, Austria
Thomas Berger: Department of Internal Medicine, Konventhospital Barmherzige Brueder Linz (St. John of God Hospital Linz), 4020 Linz, Austria
Benjamin Dieplinger: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Konventhospital Barmherzige Brueder Linz (St. John of God Hospital Linz), 4020 Linz, Austria
Martin Clodi: Department of Internal Medicine, Konventhospital Barmherzige Brueder Linz (St. John of God Hospital Linz), 4020 Linz, Austria

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 23, 1-9

Abstract: Background: Although vaccination against COVID-19 is highly effective, breakthrough infections occur, often leading to severe courses and death. The extent of protection provided by individual antibody levels in breakthrough infections is still unknown and cut-off levels have yet to be determined. Methods: In 80 consecutive fully vaccinated patients hospitalized between August and December 2021 with COVID-19 breakthrough infection (Delta variant), anti-CoV2S antibody levels were analyzed for the endpoint of death. Results: Ten out of the 12 patients who died (83.3%) had antibody levels < 600 U/mL; 5 (41.7%) of these had antibody levels < 200 U/mL. Only 2 patients with a level of >600 U/mL died from vaccine breakthrough infection. Correction for the number of comorbidities and age revealed that anti-CoV2S antibody levels at the time of hospitalization were a significant predictor for reduced risk of death (OR = 0.402 for every 1000 U/mL, p = 0.018). Conclusions: In this retrospective data analysis, we show that almost all patients who died from COVID-19 vaccine breakthrough infection had antibody levels < 600 U/mL, most of them below 200 U/mL. In logistic regression corrected for the number of comorbidities and age, anti-CoV2S antibody levels at the time of hospitalization proved to be a significantly protective predictor against death.

Keywords: COVID-19; Delta variant; anti-CoV2S antibody; vaccine breakthrough infection; outcome prediction; mortality (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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