Prevalence of Dysexecutive Symptoms in High School Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Guillermo Alonso Cervantes-Cardona, Adriana Nápoles-Echauri, Nicolas Alonso-Estrella, Francisco Javier Hernández-Mora, Enrique Cervantes-Pérez, Gabino Cervantes-Guevara, Benjamín García-Reyna, Francisco José Barbosa-Camacho, Noelia Esthela López-Bernal, Jonathan Matías Chejfec-Ciociano, Clotilde Fuentes-Orozco, Tania Abigail Cueto-Valadez, Andrea Estefanía Cueto-Valadez, Irma Valeria Brancaccio-Pérez, Mario Jesús Guzmán-Ruvalcaba, Jesús Oswaldo Vega-Gastelum and Alejandro González-Ojeda ()
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Guillermo Alonso Cervantes-Cardona: Departamento de Disciplinas Filosófico, Metodológicas e Instrumentales, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
Adriana Nápoles-Echauri: Escuela Vocacional, Sistema de Educación Media Superior Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, Mexico
Nicolas Alonso-Estrella: Escuela Vocacional, Sistema de Educación Media Superior Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, Mexico
Francisco Javier Hernández-Mora: Departamento de Clínicas de la Reproducción Humana, Crecimiento y Desarrollo Infantil, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44348, Jalisco, Mexico
Enrique Cervantes-Pérez: Departamento de Medicina Interna Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Fray Antonio Alcalde, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44280, Jalisco, Mexico
Gabino Cervantes-Guevara: Departamento de Bienestar y Desarrollo Sustentable, Centro Universitario del Norte, Universidad de Guadalajara, Colotlán 46200, Jalisco, Mexico
Benjamín García-Reyna: Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44280, Jalisco, Mexico
Francisco José Barbosa-Camacho: Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44349, Jalisco, Mexico
Noelia Esthela López-Bernal: Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44349, Jalisco, Mexico
Jonathan Matías Chejfec-Ciociano: Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44349, Jalisco, Mexico
Clotilde Fuentes-Orozco: Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44349, Jalisco, Mexico
Tania Abigail Cueto-Valadez: Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44349, Jalisco, Mexico
Andrea Estefanía Cueto-Valadez: Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44349, Jalisco, Mexico
Irma Valeria Brancaccio-Pérez: Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44349, Jalisco, Mexico
Mario Jesús Guzmán-Ruvalcaba: Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44349, Jalisco, Mexico
Jesús Oswaldo Vega-Gastelum: Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44349, Jalisco, Mexico
Alejandro González-Ojeda: Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44349, Jalisco, Mexico

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 23, 1-9

Abstract: This is an observational cross-sectional study designed to ascertain the prevalence and severity of dysexecutive symptoms in high school students during the COVID-19 pandemic. The validated Spanish version of the Dysexecutive Questionnaire (DEX) was used. A total of 2396 participants aged 14–22 years were included. Our sample yielded a mean DEX scale score of 28.14 ± 17.42. By the DEX classification, 889 (37.1%) students achieved optimal scores, 384 (16%) reported mild dysexecutive symptoms, 316 (13.2%) reported moderate dysexecutive symptoms, and 807 (33.7%) reported strong dysexecutive symptoms. We found a significant difference between those with and those without employed mothers, with the former scoring higher ( p = 0.004), the same as those with both parents employed ( p = 0.004). Adolescents face emotional susceptibility and changes in their family, social, and educational environment related to isolation, resulting in altered emotional responses and social interaction.

Keywords: cognitive development; neuropsychology; psychometrics; isolation; emotional response (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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