Factors Associated with Depression and Anxiety Symptoms among Migrant Population in Spain during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Ivet Bayes-Marin (), Maria Roura-Adserias, Iago Giné-Vázquez, Felipe Villalobos, Marta Franch-Roca, Amanda Lloret-Pineda, Aina Gabarrell-Pascuet, Yuelu He, Rachid El Hafi, Fajar Matloob Ahmed Butt, Blanca Mellor-Marsá, M. Carmen Alós, Helena Sainz-Elías, Wala Ayad-Ahmed, Lola Aparicio, Mercedes Espinal Cabeza, Óscar Álvarez Bobo, Yolanda Osorio López, Josep Maria Haro and Paula Cristóbal-Narváez
Additional contact information
Ivet Bayes-Marin: Departament de Medicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut—Campus Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
Maria Roura-Adserias: Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
Iago Giné-Vázquez: Centre for Biomedical Research on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
Felipe Villalobos: Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), 08007 Barcelona, Spain
Marta Franch-Roca: Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
Amanda Lloret-Pineda: Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
Aina Gabarrell-Pascuet: Centre for Biomedical Research on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
Yuelu He: Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
Rachid El Hafi: Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
Fajar Matloob Ahmed Butt: Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
Blanca Mellor-Marsá: Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
M. Carmen Alós: Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
Helena Sainz-Elías: Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
Wala Ayad-Ahmed: Departamento de Medicina Legal, Psiquiatría y Patología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Lola Aparicio: Servicio de Atención a la Migración en Salud Mental (SATMI), Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Avenida Drassanes 19, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
Mercedes Espinal Cabeza: Servicio de Atención a la Migración en Salud Mental (SATMI), Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Avenida Drassanes 19, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
Óscar Álvarez Bobo: Servicio de Atención a la Migración en Salud Mental (SATMI), Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Avenida Drassanes 19, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
Yolanda Osorio López: Servicio de Atención a la Migración en Salud Mental (SATMI), Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Avenida Drassanes 19, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
Josep Maria Haro: Centre for Biomedical Research on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
Paula Cristóbal-Narváez: Centre for Biomedical Research on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 23, 1-14

Abstract: Migrants are likely to experience mental health conditions, being one of the most vulnerable groups during the COVID-19 pandemic. The present study aims to: (1) estimate the prevalence of depressive and anxious symptoms and (2) examine the impact of risk and protective factors on this symptomatology. A sample of 129 migrants living in Spain during the COVID-19 pandemic completed an anonymous online survey, including information on sociodemographic and individual characteristics, migration, basic needs, social environment and perceived health domains. Multiple Poisson regression models analysed the effects of risk and protective factors on depression and anxiety symptoms. The prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms was 22.3% and 21.4%, respectively. Risk factors such as living in a rented house and previous mental health conditions were associated with higher depression symptoms, whereas unemployment was related to anxiety symptoms. Conversely, older age, better self-esteem, and higher levels of social support were associated with fewer depression symptoms. Older age and better quality of life were related to fewer anxiety symptoms. These findings addressing risk and protective factors (e.g., social support, self-esteem) help to design culturally effective programs, particularly in migrants with pre-existing mental health conditions, adjusting the organisation of mental healthcare services in difficult times in Spain.

Keywords: migration; COVID-19; mental health; depression; anxiety (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/23/15646/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/23/15646/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:23:p:15646-:d:983436

Access Statistics for this article

IJERPH is currently edited by Ms. Jenna Liu

More articles in IJERPH from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().