Effects of Temporary Respiration Exercise with Individual Harmonic Frequency on Blood Pressure and Autonomic Balance

Sungchul Mun, Sangin Park, Sungyop Whang and Mincheol Whang ()
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Sungchul Mun: Department of Industrial Engineering, Jeonju Universtiy, Jeonju 55069, Republic of Korea
Sangin Park: Industry-Academy Cooperation Team, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
Sungyop Whang: Rotary and Mission Systems, Lockheed Martin, 199 Borton Landing Road, Moorestown, NJ 08054, USA
Mincheol Whang: Department of Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Republic of Korea

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 23, 1-19

Abstract: This study investigated the effects of modulated respiration on blood pressure and autonomic balance to develop a healthcare application system for stabilizing autonomic balance. Thirty-two participants were asked to perform self-regulated tasks with 18 different respiration sequences, and their electrocardiograms (ECG) and blood pressure were measured. Changes in cardiovascular system functions and blood pressure were compared between free-breathing and various respiration conditions. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures stabilized after individual harmonic breathing. Autonomic balance, characterized by heart rate variability, was also stabilized with brief respiration training according to harmonic frequency. Five machine-learning algorithms were used to classify the two opposing factors between the free and modulated breathing conditions. The random forest models outperformed the other classifiers in the training data of systolic blood pressure and heart rate variability. The mean areas under the curves (AUCs) were 0.82 for systolic blood pressure and 0.98 for heart rate variability. Our findings lend support that blood pressure and autonomic balance were improved by temporary harmonic frequency respiration. This study provides a self-regulated respiration system that can control and help stabilize blood pressure and autonomic balance, which would help reduce mental stress and enhance human task performance in various fields.

Keywords: human factors; autonomic balance; blood pressure; harmonic frequency; optimized respiration; heart rate variability (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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