Relationship between the Dietary Inflammatory Index and Cardiovascular Health among Children

Ana Isabel Mora-Urda (), Francisco Javier Martín-Almena and María del Pilar Montero López ()
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Ana Isabel Mora-Urda: Departamento de Didácticas Específicas, Facultad de Formación del Profesorado, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
Francisco Javier Martín-Almena: Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica de Ávila, 05005 Avila, Spain
María del Pilar Montero López: Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 23, 1-14

Abstract: Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII ® ) and cardiovascular health indicators in children. Methods: The sample consisted of 365 schoolchildren aged 8 to 12 from the Region of Madrid. Anthropometric and hemodynamic measurements were collected. Variables relating to habits and lifestyles, parental level of education, and data on their diet, through three 24 h food recall surveys, were also collected. The diet quality indicators considered are the DII based on 25 nutrients and the KIDMED index. Results: Children with a more pro-inflammatory diet came from families with lower levels of parental education ( p < 0.05). Predictive models show that in the group with a more pro-inflammatory diet (>P50), the likelihood of developing hypertension in childhood is 2.1 times higher (OR = 2.085 (1.107–3.927)) and they have more than twice the risk of developing obesity (OR = 2.3) or developing obesity and hypertension simultaneously (OR = 1.290 (1.316–3.985)). Furthermore, predictive models showed that the children with a pro-inflammatory diet (>P50) had higher values for BFM% (β = 1.957; p = 0.026) and BMI (β = 0.015; p = 0.012) than children with a lower inflammatory diet (Keywords: dietary inflammatory index; cardiovascular health; children; blood pressure; body fat mass; lifestyles; KIDMED; 24 h recall surveys (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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