Health Risk Assessment Based on Exposure to Chemicals in Air

Hironari Sakamoto, Shigehisa Uchiyama (), Ayana Sato, Tomohiko Isobe, Naoki Kunugita, Hironao Ogura and Shoji F. Nakayama
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Hironari Sakamoto: Faculty and Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
Shigehisa Uchiyama: Faculty and Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
Ayana Sato: Faculty and Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
Tomohiko Isobe: Japan Environment and Children’s Study Programme Office, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba 305-8506, Japan
Naoki Kunugita: School of Health Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan
Hironao Ogura: Faculty and Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
Shoji F. Nakayama: Japan Environment and Children’s Study Programme Office, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba 305-8506, Japan

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 23, 1-13

Abstract: Few studies have investigated personal exposure concentrations of not only some volatile organic compounds but also more types of chemicals including acidic gases and acrolein. We measured the personal exposure concentrations of 35 chemicals including these chemicals in indoor and outdoor air in Chiba-shi, Japan, for 7 days in summer and winter to assess the associated health risks in 22 people. The personal exposure concentrations of nitrogen dioxide were higher in winter than in summer, and those of formaldehyde, p -dichlorobenzene, and tetradecane were higher in summer than in winter. The personal exposure concentrations were mostly equal to or lower than the concentrations in indoor air, contrary to the results of a lot of previous studies. The high-risk chemicals based on personal exposure concentrations were identified as acrolein (max. 0.43 ?g/m 3 ), benzene (max. 3.1 ?g/m 3 ), and hexane (max. 220 ?g/m 3 ) in summer, and acrolein (max. 0.31 ?g/m 3 ), nitrogen dioxide (max. 320 ?g/m 3 ), benzene (max. 5.2 ?g/m 3 ), formic acid (max. 70 ?g/m 3 ), and hexane (max. 290 ?g/m 3 ) in winter. In addition, we estimated personal exposure concentrations according to the time spent at home and the chemical concentrations in indoor and outdoor air. We found that the estimated concentrations of some participants largely differed from the measured ones indicating that it is difficult to estimate personal exposure concentrations based on only these data.

Keywords: personal exposure; indoor air quality; health risk assessment; diffusive sampler (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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