Characterization of Gut Microbiota Composition in Type 2 Diabetes Patients: A Population-Based Study

Isabella Polidori, Laura Marullo, Cristiano Ialongo, Flaminia Tomassetti, Roberto Colombo, Francesca di Gaudio, Graziella Calugi, Giulia Marrone, Annalisa Noce, Sergio Bernardini, Francesco Broccolo and Massimo Pieri ()
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Isabella Polidori: Lifebrain srl Cerba Healthcare, Guidonia Montecelio, 190/A Viale Roma, 00012 Rome, Italy
Laura Marullo: Lifebrain Nocera Cerba Healthcare, 84014 Nocera Inferiore, Italy
Cristiano Ialongo: Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, 00161 Rome, Italy
Flaminia Tomassetti: Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
Roberto Colombo: Lifebrain srl Cerba Healthcare, Guidonia Montecelio, 190/A Viale Roma, 00012 Rome, Italy
Francesca di Gaudio: Department of Medical Surgery, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
Graziella Calugi: Lifebrain srl Cerba Healthcare, Guidonia Montecelio, 190/A Viale Roma, 00012 Rome, Italy
Giulia Marrone: UOC of Internal Medicine-Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
Annalisa Noce: UOC of Internal Medicine-Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
Sergio Bernardini: Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
Francesco Broccolo: Cerba HealthCare Italia, 20137 Milan, Italy
Massimo Pieri: Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 23, 1-13

Abstract: (1) Background: A clinical laboratory index to assess gut dysbiosis is the F/B ratio < 0.8. In fact, an elevated proportion of Firmicutes and a reduced population of Bacteroides in diabetes type 2 (T2D) subjects has been observed. This study aimed to detail the dysbiosis status in the Italian population, focusing on some pathogenic spectra (T2D) or metabolic disorders. (2) Material and methods: A quantity of 334 fecal samples was analyzed in order to perform genetic testing and sequencing. (3) Results: A trend in over imbalance was observed in the percentage of Proteobacteria (median value: 6.75%; interquartile range (IQR): 3.57–17.29%). A statistically significant association (χ 2 p = 0.033) was observed between type of dysbiosis and T2D, corresponding to an Odds Ratio (OR) of 1.86. It was noted that females with cystitis/candidiasis are significantly prevalent in T2D patients ( p < 0.01; OR: 3.59; 95% CI: 1.43–8.99). Although, in non-diabetic males, a sugar craving is significantly associated with the rate of dysbiosis in non-diabetic males ( p < 0.05; OR 1.07; 95% CI 1.00–1.16). (4) Conclusion: In T2D patients, the Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio was biased in favor of Proteobacteria, to be expected due to the nutritional habits of the patients. Thus, T2D females had altered gut permeability favoring the development of infections in the vaginal tract.

Keywords: dysbiosis; microbiota; diabetes; candidiasis (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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