Impact of Gut Dysbiosis on the Risk of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer

Yu-Feng Wei, Ming-Shyan Huang, Cheng-Hsieh Huang, Yao-Tsung Yeh () and Chih-Hsin Hung ()
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Yu-Feng Wei: Institute of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 84001, Taiwan
Ming-Shyan Huang: Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
Cheng-Hsieh Huang: PhD Program in Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
Yao-Tsung Yeh: Aging and Disease Prevention Research Center, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung 83102, Taiwan
Chih-Hsin Hung: Institute of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 84001, Taiwan

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 23, 1-17

Abstract: Background: The imbalance of gut microbiota, dysbiosis, is associated with various malignant diseases. This study aimed to identify the characteristics of gut microbiota in age-matched treatment-naïve non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and healthy individuals to investigate possible gut-microbe-related pathways involved in the development of NSCLC. Methods: We enrolled 34 age-matched NSCLC patients and 268 healthy individuals. Hypervariable V3–V4 amplicons of 16S rRNA in freshly collected fecal samples were sequenced. Diversity, microbial composition, functional pathways, smoking history, and gut-microbe-related comorbidities were analyzed to assess the factors associated with the risk of NSCLC. Results: Microbial alpha diversity was decreased in the patients with NSCLC, and beta diversity was significantly different between the patients and controls ( p < 0.001). After adjustments for sex, smoking history, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and 11 abundant microbes with significant differences between the patients and controls, the enrichment of Anaerotruncus spp. and Bacteroides caccae was associated with an increased risk of NSCLC ( p = 0.003 and 0.007, respectively). The areas under receiver operating characteristic curves were 71.4% and 66.9% for Anaerotruncus spp. and Bacteroides caccae , respectively (both p < 0.001). Furthermore, the abundance of Bacteroides caccae was positively correlated with steroid hormone biosynthesis ( p < 0.001), N-glycan biosynthesis ( p = 0.023), glycosaminoglycan degradation ( p < 0.001), lipoic acid metabolism ( p = 0.039), peroxisome ( p < 0.001), and apoptosis ( p < 0.001), but inversely related to glycerolipid metabolism ( p < 0.001). Anaerotruncus spp. was positively associated with decreased biosynthesis of ansamycin only ( p = 0.001). No overlapping signaling pathways were modulated by Bacteroides caccae or Anaerotruncus spp. Conclusions: Our results revealed that fecal Anaerotruncus spp. and Bacteroides caccae were abundant and may be associated with the risk of NSCLC regardless of sex, smoking history, and gut-microbe-related comorbidities. Further investigations on the mechanism underlying the potential association between gut dysbiosis and the development of NSCLC are warranted.

Keywords: dysbiosis; gut microbiota; microbiome; non-small-cell lung cancer (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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