Factors Associated with Medication Adherence among Community-Dwelling Older People with Frailty and Pre-Frailty in China

Wenwen Cao, Chenglin Cao, Xin Zheng, Kai Ji, Qiming Liang, Yunwei Wu, Zhi Hu () and Zhongliang Bai ()
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Wenwen Cao: School of Health Services Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
Chenglin Cao: School of Health Services Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
Xin Zheng: School of Health Services Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
Kai Ji: School of Health Services Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
Qiming Liang: School of Health Services Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
Yunwei Wu: School of Health Services Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
Zhi Hu: School of Health Services Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
Zhongliang Bai: School of Health Services Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 23, 1-10

Abstract: Background: Frail and pre-frail older people often need to take medications. However, factors related to medication adherence among this population remain unclear, warranting further research. This study aims to identify correlates of medication adherence among frail and pre-frail older adults. Methods: From November 2020 to December 2020; a total of 4218 community-dwelling residents aged ≥ 60 years were interviewed by a cross-sectional survey in China. Data on subjects’ general information; medication adherence; and frailty status was obtained via the face-to-face structured questionnaire. Logistic regression models were fitted; separately; to examine these factors linked to medication adherence. Results: We found that 36.2% ( n = 1527) and 18.8% ( n = 792) of respondents were classified as pre-frail and frail. According to the Morisky scale scores, 66.74% ( n = 2815) were found to have adequate medication adherence, and 33.26% ( n = 1403) were found to have inadequate medication adherence. Among the pre-frail respondents, age (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.64; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.18–2.29, P = 0.003), marital status (AOR = 1.52; 95% CI: 1.04–2.21, P = 0.030), smoking status (AOR = 0.61; 95% CI: 0.37–0.99, P = 0.044), and functional ability (AOR = 0.72; 95% CI: 0.58–0.91, P = 0.006) were significantly related to medication adherence. Among them, advanced age and single were risk factors, which were positively related to the medication adherence of subjects in pre-frailty, while quitting smoking and limited functional ability contributed to improving their medication adherence. In contrast, only age (AOR = 1.77; 95% CI: 1.16–2.69, P = 0.008) was significantly associated with medication adherence among frail subjects. Conclusion: Influencing factors to medication adherence of old people in pre-frailty and frailty have been enriched, which provides a certain reference for promoting medication adherence in this population. Future adherence intervention methods should be designed based on these factors.

Keywords: pre-frailty; frailty; medication adherence; older adults (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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