Dietary Problems Are Associated with Frailty Status in Older People with Fewer Teeth in Japan

Takashi Miyano, Ryosuke Kaneko, Toshihide Kimura, Misa Maruoka, Akihiro Kishimura, Koichiro Kato, Michiko Furuta () and Yoshihisa Yamashita
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Takashi Miyano: Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
Ryosuke Kaneko: Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
Toshihide Kimura: Manno-Cho Kokumin Kenko Hoken Soda Dental Clinic, Takamatsu 766-0201, Japan
Misa Maruoka: Manno-Cho Kokumin Kenko Hoken Soda Dental Clinic, Takamatsu 766-0201, Japan
Akihiro Kishimura: Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
Koichiro Kato: Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
Michiko Furuta: Section of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
Yoshihisa Yamashita: Section of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 23, 1-10

Abstract: This study aimed to investigate the association between dietary problems and frailty according to tooth loss in older Japanese people. This cross-sectional study included 160 older people (mean age 82.6 years) from Japan. Frailty status was assessed using the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures (SOF) criteria, which consists of (i) weight loss > 5% in the past year, (ii) inability to perform five chair stands, and (iii) self-perceived reduced energy level. Frailty was defined as the presence of ≥2 items of SOF criteria. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed with frailty as the dependent variable and dietary problems as the independent variable, stratified according to having <20 teeth. Low appetite and no enjoyment of eating were associated with frailty after adjusting for covariates in participants with <20 teeth. Dietary problems, including low appetite, eating alone, and negative attitudes toward enjoyment of eating were associated with a self-perceived reduced energy level in participants with <20 teeth. However, this association was not observed in participants with ≥20 teeth. In older people with fewer teeth, dietary problems have been suggested to be associated with frailty. Therefore, it may be necessary to pay attention to dietary problems, especially in older people with tooth loss.

Keywords: frailty; tooth loss; dietary problems; community-dwelling older people (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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