Residential Environment Assessment by Older Adults in Nursing Homes during COVID-19 Outbreak

Fermina Rojo-Perez (), Vicente Rodriguez-Rodriguez, Gloria Fernandez-Mayoralas, Diego Sánchez-González, Carmen Perez de Arenaza Escribano, Jose-Manuel Rojo-Abuin, Maria João Forjaz, María-Ángeles Molina-Martínez and Carmen Rodriguez-Blazquez
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Fermina Rojo-Perez: Grupo de Investigacion sobre Envejecimiento (GIE), IEGD, CSIC, 28037 Madrid, Spain
Vicente Rodriguez-Rodriguez: Grupo de Investigacion sobre Envejecimiento (GIE), IEGD, CSIC, 28037 Madrid, Spain
Gloria Fernandez-Mayoralas: Grupo de Investigacion sobre Envejecimiento (GIE), IEGD, CSIC, 28037 Madrid, Spain
Diego Sánchez-González: Department of Geography, National Distance Education University (UNED), 28040 Madrid, Spain
Carmen Perez de Arenaza Escribano: Grupo de Investigacion sobre Envejecimiento (GIE), IEGD, CSIC, 28037 Madrid, Spain
Jose-Manuel Rojo-Abuin: Unidad de Analisis Estadistico (UAE), CCHS, CSIC, 28037 Madrid, Spain
Maria João Forjaz: National Centre of Epidemiology and Health Service Research Network on Chronic Diseases (REDISSEC) and Research Network on Chronicity, Primary Care and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), Carlos III Institute of Health, 28029 Madrid, Spain
María-Ángeles Molina-Martínez: Department of Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatment, Faculty of Psychology, National Distance Education University (UNED), 28040 Madrid, Spain
Carmen Rodriguez-Blazquez: National Centre of Epidemiology and Network Centre for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Carlos III Institute of Health, 28029 Madrid, Spain

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 23, 1-19

Abstract: The most vulnerable residential settings during the COVID-19 pandemic were older adult’s nursing homes, which experienced high rates of incidence and death from this cause. This paper aims to ascertain how institutionalized older people assessed their residential environment during the pandemic and to examine the differences according to personal and contextual characteristics. The COVID-19 Nursing Homes Survey (Madrid region, Spain) was used. The residential environment assessment scale (EVAER) and personal and contextual characteristics were selected. Descriptive and multivariate statistical analysis were applied. The sample consisted of 447 people (mean age = 83.8, 63.1% = women, 50.8% = widowed, 40% = less than primary studies). Four residential assessment subscales (relationships, mobility, residential aspects, privacy space) and three clusters according to residential rating (medium-high with everything = 71.5% of cases, low with mobility = 15.4%, low with everything = 13.1%) were obtained. The logistic regression models for each cluster category showed to be statistically significant. Showing a positive affect (OR = 1.08), fear of COVID-19 (OR = 1.06), high quality of life (OR = 1.05), not having suspicion of depression (OR = 0.75) and performing volunteer activities (OR = 3.67) were associated with the largest cluster. It is concluded that a better residential evaluation was related to more favourable personal and contextual conditions. These results can help in the design of nursing homes for older adults in need of accommodation and care to facilitate an age-friendly environment.

Keywords: COVID-19; older adults; long-term care settings; residential assessment; Madrid region; Spain (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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