Hydrological Analysis of Batu Dam, Malaysia in the Urban Area: Flood and Failure Analysis Preparing for Climate Change

Siti Mariam Allias Omar (), Wan Noorul Hafilah Wan Ariffin, Lariyah Mohd Sidek, Hidayah Basri, Mohd Hazri Moh Khambali and Ali Najah Ahmed
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Siti Mariam Allias Omar: Sustainable Technology and Environment Group, Institute of Energy Infrastructure, Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN), Kajang 43000, Malaysia
Wan Noorul Hafilah Wan Ariffin: Sustainable Technology and Environment Group, Institute of Energy Infrastructure, Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN), Kajang 43000, Malaysia
Lariyah Mohd Sidek: Sustainable Technology and Environment Group, Institute of Energy Infrastructure, Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN), Kajang 43000, Malaysia
Hidayah Basri: Sustainable Technology and Environment Group, Institute of Energy Infrastructure, Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN), Kajang 43000, Malaysia
Mohd Hazri Moh Khambali: Dam and Design Division, Drainage and Irrigation Department, Kuala Lumpur 50480, Malaysia
Ali Najah Ahmed: Sustainable Technology and Environment Group, Institute of Energy Infrastructure, Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN), Kajang 43000, Malaysia

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 24, 1-15

Abstract: Extensive hydrological analysis is carried out to estimate floods for the Batu Dam, a hydropower dam located in the urban area upstream of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The study demonstrates the operational state and reliability of the dam structure based on hydrologic assessment of the dam. The surrounding area is affected by heavy rainfall and climate change every year, which increases the probability of flooding and threatens a dense population downstream of the dam. This study evaluates the adequacy of dam spillways by considering the latest Probable Maximum Precipitation (PMP) and Probable Maximum Flood (PMF) values of the concerned dams. In this study, the PMP estimations are applied using comparison of both statistical method by Hershfield and National Hydraulic Research Institute of Malaysia (NAHRIM) Envelope Curve as input for PMF establishments. Since the PMF is derived from the PMP values, the highest design flood standard can be applied to any dam, ensuring inflow into the reservoirs and limiting the risk of dam structural failure. Hydrologic modeling using HEC-HMS provides PMF values for the Batu dam. Based on the results, Batu Dam is found to have 200.6 m 3 /s spillway discharge capacities. Under PMF conditions, the Batu dam will not face overtopping since the peak outflow of the reservoir level is still below the crest level of the dam.

Keywords: PMP; PMF; flood mitigation; Batu Dam in Malaysia; energy (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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