Patterns of Changes in Respiratory Muscle Strength over 1 Year in Non-Sarcopenia, Sarcopenia, and Severe Sarcopenia

Yohei Sawaya, Tamaki Hirose, Masahiro Ishizaka, Takahiro Shiba, Ryo Sato, Akira Kubo and Tomohiko Urano ()
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Yohei Sawaya: Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, 2600-1 Kitakanemaru, Otawara 324-8501, Tochigi, Japan
Tamaki Hirose: Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, 2600-1 Kitakanemaru, Otawara 324-8501, Tochigi, Japan
Masahiro Ishizaka: Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, 2600-1 Kitakanemaru, Otawara 324-8501, Tochigi, Japan
Takahiro Shiba: Nishinasuno General Home Care Center, Department of Day Rehabilitation, Care Facility for the Elderly “Maronie-en,” 533-11 Iguchi, Nasushiobara 329-2763, Tochigi, Japan
Ryo Sato: Nishinasuno General Home Care Center, Department of Day Rehabilitation, Care Facility for the Elderly “Maronie-en,” 533-11 Iguchi, Nasushiobara 329-2763, Tochigi, Japan
Akira Kubo: Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, 2600-1 Kitakanemaru, Otawara 324-8501, Tochigi, Japan
Tomohiko Urano: Nishinasuno General Home Care Center, Department of Day Rehabilitation, Care Facility for the Elderly “Maronie-en,” 533-11 Iguchi, Nasushiobara 329-2763, Tochigi, Japan

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 24, 1-9

Abstract: In this prospective longitudinal cohort study, we explored the characteristics of older people with lower respiratory muscle strength, according to sarcopenia severity, over the course of 1 year. The maximum expiratory pressure (MEP), grip strength, walking speed, and skeletal muscle mass index of 58 participants (28 men, 30 women; mean age, 76.9 ± 7.7 years) were measured at baseline and at the 1-year follow-up. Participants were classified into a decreased MEP group ( n = 29; MEP decreased by ≥10% after 1 year) and a non-decreased MEP group ( n = 29; MEP decreased by <10%). Sarcopenia status in the mild direction at baseline was significantly associated with MEP decline after one year. Repeated two-way analysis of variance showed significant main effects of measurement time ( p < 0.001) and severity of sarcopenia ( p = 0.026), as well as a significant interaction effect ( p = 0.006). Surprisingly, MEP decreased significantly in the non-sarcopenia and sarcopenia groups, but not in the severe sarcopenia group. Thus, individuals without sarcopenia and those with moderate sarcopenia at baseline are predisposed to MEP decline and should be closely monitored for signs of such decline and associated adverse events.

Keywords: elderly; sarcopenia; respiratory sarcopenia; Japan; maximum expiratory pressure (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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