Contrast Agents during Pregnancy: Pros and Cons When Really Needed

Federica Perelli, Irene Turrini (), Maria Gabriella Giorgi, Irene Renda, Annalisa Vidiri, Gianluca Straface, Elisa Scatena, Marco D’Indinosante, Laura Marchi, Marco Giusti, Antonio Oliva, Simone Grassi, Carmen De Luca, Francesco Catania, Giuseppe Vizzielli, Stefano Restaino, Giuseppe Gullo, Georgios Eleftheriou, Alberto Mattei, Fabrizio Signore, Antonio Lanzone, Giovanni Scambia and Anna Franca Cavaliere
Additional contact information
Federica Perelli: Azienda USL Toscana Centro, Gynecology and Obstetric Department, Santa Maria Annunziata Hospital, 50012 Florence, Italy
Irene Turrini: Azienda USL Toscana Centro, Gynecology and Obstetric Department, Santo Stefano Hospital, 59100 Prato, Italy
Maria Gabriella Giorgi: Azienda USL Toscana Centro, Gynecology and Obstetric Department, Santo Stefano Hospital, 59100 Prato, Italy
Irene Renda: Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
Annalisa Vidiri: School of Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Hearth, 00168 Rome, Italy
Gianluca Straface: Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, Policlinico Abano Terme, 35031 Abano Terme, Italy
Elisa Scatena: Azienda USL Toscana Centro, Gynecology and Obstetric Department, Santo Stefano Hospital, 59100 Prato, Italy
Marco D’Indinosante: Azienda USL Toscana Centro, Gynecology and Obstetric Department, Santo Stefano Hospital, 59100 Prato, Italy
Laura Marchi: Azienda USL Toscana Centro, Gynecology and Obstetric Department, Santo Stefano Hospital, 59100 Prato, Italy
Marco Giusti: Azienda USL Toscana Centro, Gynecology and Obstetric Department, Santa Maria Annunziata Hospital, 50012 Florence, Italy
Antonio Oliva: Department of Health Surveillance and Bioethics, Section of Legal Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
Simone Grassi: Department of Health Surveillance and Bioethics, Section of Legal Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
Carmen De Luca: Teratology Information Service, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
Francesco Catania: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ospedale “Santa Maria Alla Gruccia”, 52025 Montevarchi, Italy
Giuseppe Vizzielli: Department of Medicinal Area (DAME) Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale, 33100 Udine, Italy
Stefano Restaino: Department of Medicinal Area (DAME) Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale, 33100 Udine, Italy
Giuseppe Gullo: IVF Public Center, Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedali Riuniti (AOOR) Villa Sofia Cervello, University of Palermo, 90146 Palermo, Italy
Georgios Eleftheriou: Poison Control Center and Teratology Information Service, Hospital Papa Giovanni XIII, 24127 Bergamo, Italy
Alberto Mattei: Azienda USL Toscana Centro, Gynecology and Obstetric Department, Santa Maria Annunziata Hospital, 50012 Florence, Italy
Fabrizio Signore: Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, Santo Eugenio Hospital, 00144 Rome, Italy
Antonio Lanzone: School of Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Hearth, 00168 Rome, Italy
Giovanni Scambia: School of Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Hearth, 00168 Rome, Italy
Anna Franca Cavaliere: School of Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Hearth, 00168 Rome, Italy

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 24, 1-12

Abstract: Many clinical conditions require radiological diagnostic exams based on the emission of different kinds of energy and the use of contrast agents, such as computerized tomography (CT), positron emission tomography (PET), magnetic resonance (MR), ultrasound (US), and X-ray imaging. Pregnant patients who should be submitted for diagnostic examinations with contrast agents represent a group of patients with whom it is necessary to consider both maternal and fetal effects. Radiological examinations use different types of contrast media, the most used and studied are represented by iodinate contrast agents, gadolinium, fluorodeoxyglucose, gastrographin, bariumsulfate, and nanobubbles used in contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). The present paper reports the available data about each contrast agent and its effect related to the mother and fetus. This review aims to clarify the clinical practices to follow in cases where a radiodiagnostic examination with a contrast medium is indicated to be performed on a pregnant patient.

Keywords: contrast media; radiodiagnostic; pregnant; magnetic resonance imaging; computerized tomography; positron emission tomography; ultrasound; ionizing radiation (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View complete reference list from CitEc
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