Low-Temperature Reduction Synthesis of γ–Fe 2 O 3−x @biochar Catalysts and Their Combining with Peroxymonosulfate for Quinclorac Degradation

Mei-e Zhong, Gongsong Tong, Jingchun Sun, Nan Zhou, Chunxia Ding, Xiangying Liu (), Austin Merchant and Xuguo Zhou ()
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Mei-e Zhong: School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hunan Agricultural University, No.1 Nongda Road, Furong District, Changsha 410128, China
Gongsong Tong: School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hunan Agricultural University, No.1 Nongda Road, Furong District, Changsha 410128, China
Jingchun Sun: School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hunan Agricultural University, No.1 Nongda Road, Furong District, Changsha 410128, China
Nan Zhou: School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hunan Agricultural University, No.1 Nongda Road, Furong District, Changsha 410128, China
Chunxia Ding: School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hunan Agricultural University, No.1 Nongda Road, Furong District, Changsha 410128, China
Xiangying Liu: College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, No.1 Nongda Road, Furong District, Changsha 410128, China
Austin Merchant: Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, S-225 Agricultural Science Center North, Lexington, KY 40546-0091, USA
Xuguo Zhou: Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, S-225 Agricultural Science Center North, Lexington, KY 40546-0091, USA

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 24, 1-17

Abstract: Biochar loading mixed–phase iron oxide shows great advantages as a promising catalyst owing to its eco–friendliness and low cost. Here, γ–Fe 2 O 3−x @biochar (E/Fe–N–BC) composite was successfully prepared by the sol–gel method combined with low–temperature (280 °C) reduction. The Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) result indicated that γ–Fe 2 O 3−x particles with the size of approximately 200 nm were well–dispersed on the surface of biochar. The CO derived from biomass pyrolysis is the main reducing component for the generation of Fe (II). The high content of Fe (II) contributed to the excellent catalytic performance of E/Fe–N–BC for quinclorac (QNC) degradation in the presence of peroxymonosulfate (PMS). The removal efficiency of 10 mg/L of QNC was 100% within 30 min using 0.3 g/L γ–Fe 2 O 3−x @biochar catalyst and 0.8 mM PMS. The radical quenching experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance analysis confirmed that •OH and SO 4 • − were the main radicals during the degradation of QNC. The facile and easily mass–production of γ–Fe 2 O 3−x @biochar with high catalytic activity make it a promising catalyst to activate PMS for the removal of organic pollutants.

Keywords: low–temperature reduction; γ–Fe 2 O 3; biochar; peroxymonosulfate; quinclorac (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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