Organophosphorus Pesticide Exposure at 17 Weeks’ Gestation and Odds of Offspring Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Diagnosis in the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study

Amber M. Hall (), Jake E. Thistle, Cherrel K. Manley, Kyle R. Roell, Amanda M. Ramos, Gro D. Villanger, Ted Reichborn-Kjennerud, Pål Zeiner, Enrique Cequier, Amrit K. Sakhi, Cathrine Thomsen, Heidi Aase and Stephanie M. Engel
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Amber M. Hall: Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
Jake E. Thistle: Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
Cherrel K. Manley: Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
Kyle R. Roell: Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
Amanda M. Ramos: Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
Gro D. Villanger: Department of Child Health and Development, Division of Mental and Physical Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 0213 Oslo, Norway
Ted Reichborn-Kjennerud: Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0315 Oslo, Norway
Pål Zeiner: Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0315 Oslo, Norway
Enrique Cequier: Department of Food Safety, Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 0213 Oslo, Norway
Amrit K. Sakhi: Department of Food Safety, Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 0213 Oslo, Norway
Cathrine Thomsen: Department of Food Safety, Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 0213 Oslo, Norway
Heidi Aase: Department of Child Health and Development, Division of Mental and Physical Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 0213 Oslo, Norway
Stephanie M. Engel: Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 24, 1-15

Abstract: Prenatal organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) are ubiquitous and have been linked to adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. However, few studies have examined prenatal OPs in relation to diagnosed attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), with only two studies exploring this relationship in a population primarily exposed through diet. In this study, we used a nested case-control study to evaluate prenatal OP exposure and ADHD diagnosis in the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study (MoBa). For births that occurred between 2003 and 2008, ADHD diagnoses were obtained from linkage of MoBa participants with the Norwegian Patient Registry (N = 297), and a reference population was randomly selected from the eligible population (N = 552). Maternal urine samples were collected at 17 weeks’ gestation and molar sums of diethyl phosphates (ΣDEP) and dimethyl phosphates metabolites (ΣDMP) were calculated. Multivariable adjusted logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between prenatal OP metabolite exposure and child ADHD diagnosis. Additionally, multiplicative effect measure modification (EMM) by child sex was assessed. In most cases, mothers in the second and third tertiles of ΣDMP and ΣDEP exposure had slightly lower odds of having a child with ADHD, although confidence intervals were wide and included the null. EMM by child sex was not observed for either ΣDMP or ΣDEP. In summary, we did not find evidence that OPs at 17 weeks’ gestation increased the odds of ADHD in this nested case-control study of ADHD in MoBa, a population primarily experiencing dietary exposure.

Keywords: ADHD; hyperkinetic disorder; organophosphorus pesticide; prenatal exposure; MBRN; MoBa; diethylphosphate; dimethylphosphate; dietary exposure (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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