Cases of Maxillofacial Trauma Treated at Hospitals in a Large City in Northeastern Brazil: Cross-Sectional Study

Samuel Benson Lima Barreto, Gustavo Garcia Castro (), Ceci Nunes Carvalho and Meire Coelho Ferreira ()
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Samuel Benson Lima Barreto: Post-Graduation Program in Dentistry, Universidade CEUMA, São Luís 65075-120, Maranhão, Brazil
Gustavo Garcia Castro: Post-Graduation Program in Dentistry, Universidade CEUMA, São Luís 65075-120, Maranhão, Brazil
Ceci Nunes Carvalho: Post-Graduation Program in Dentistry, Universidade CEUMA, São Luís 65075-120, Maranhão, Brazil
Meire Coelho Ferreira: Post-Graduation Program in Dentistry, Universidade CEUMA, São Luís 65075-120, Maranhão, Brazil

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 24, 1-10

Abstract: Maxillofacial trauma is associated with facial deformation, loss of function, emotional and social impacts, and high financial costs. This study investigated cases of maxillofacial trauma in a large Brazilian city through a cross-sectional study conducted at two public and two private hospitals. Primary data of 400 patients were collected through a questionnaire, clinical examination, and tomography. Statistical analysis at the 5% significance level was performed. Motorcycle accident was the major cause of trauma (41%); the most frequent trauma and treatment were mandibular fracture (24.3%) and surgery (71%), respectively. The female sex was more affected only regarding domestic accidents ( p = 0.041) and falls ( p < 0.001). Motorcycle accidents were more prevalent among 20 to 29 year-olds ( p < 0.001), followed by physical aggression ( p < 0.001) and sports accidents ( p = 0.004). Falls were more frequent among 40 to 59 year-olds ( p < 0.001). Mandibular fracture affected males and 20 to 29 year-olds more and was mainly associated with motorcycle accidents (48.2%) and physical aggression (22.7%) ( p = 0.008). Nose fracture was more frequent in falls (29.6%), physical aggression (22.5%), and sports accidents (21.1%) ( p < 0.001). Compound fracture was associated with motorcycle accidents (84.2%; p = 0.028). Maxillofacial trauma (mandibular, nasal, and zygomatic fractures) was associated with motorcycle accidents, physical aggression, and falls. Surgical treatment, hospital care, and public services were the most frequent.

Keywords: maxillofacial trauma; etiology; treatment (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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