Systematic Review of Smoking Cessation Interventions for Smokers Diagnosed with Cancer

Kate Frazer, Nancy Bhardwaj, Patricia Fox, Diarmuid Stokes, Vikram Niranjan, Seamus Quinn, Cecily C. Kelleher and Patricia Fitzpatrick
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Kate Frazer: School of Nursing Midwifery and Health Systems, Health Sciences Centre, Belfield, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
Nancy Bhardwaj: School of Nursing Midwifery and Health Systems, Health Sciences Centre, Belfield, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
Patricia Fox: School of Nursing Midwifery and Health Systems, Health Sciences Centre, Belfield, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
Diarmuid Stokes: School of Nursing Midwifery and Health Systems, Health Sciences Centre, Belfield, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
Vikram Niranjan: School of Nursing Midwifery and Health Systems, Health Sciences Centre, Belfield, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
Seamus Quinn: School of Nursing Midwifery and Health Systems, Health Sciences Centre, Belfield, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
Cecily C. Kelleher: School of Nursing Midwifery and Health Systems, Health Sciences Centre, Belfield, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
Patricia Fitzpatrick: School of Nursing Midwifery and Health Systems, Health Sciences Centre, Belfield, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 24, 1-35

Abstract: The detrimental impact of smoking on health and wellbeing are irrefutable. Additionally, smoking is associated with the development of cancer, a reduction treatment outcomes and poorer health outcomes. Nevertheless, a significant number of people continue to smoke following a cancer diagnosis. Little is understood of the smoking cessation services provided to smokers with cancer or their engagement with them. This systematic review aimed to identify existing smoking cessation interventions for this cohort diagnosed with breast, head and neck, lung and cervical cancers (linked to risk). Systematic searches of Pubmed, Embase, Psych Info and CINAHL from 1 January 2015 to 15 December 2020 were conducted. Included studies examined the characteristics of smoking cessation interventions and impact on referrals and quit attempts. The impact on healthcare professionals was included if reported. Included studies were restricted to adults with a cancer diagnosis and published in English. No restriction was placed on study designs, and narrative data synthesis was conducted due to heterogeneity. A review protocol was registered on PROSPERO CRD 42020214204, and reporting adheres to PRISMA reporting guidelines. Data were screened, extracted in duplicate and an assessment of the quality of evidence undertaken using Mixed Methods Assessment Tool. 23 studies met the inclusion criteria, representing USA, Canada, England, Lebanon, Australia and including randomized controlled trials (9), observational studies (10), quality improvement (3), and one qualitative study. Hospital and cancer clinics [including a dental clinic] were the settings for all studies. 43% (10/23) of studies reported interventions for smokers diagnosed with head and neck cancer, 13% (3/23) for smokers diagnosed with lung cancer, one study provides evidence for breast cancer, and the remaining nine studies (39%) report on multiple cancers including the ones specified in this review. Methodological quality was variable. There were limited data to identify one optimal intervention for this cohort. Key elements included the timing and frequency of quit conversations, use of electronic records, pharmacotherapy including extended use of varenicline, increased counselling sessions and a service embedded in oncology departments. More studies are required to ensure tailored smoking cessation pathways are co-developed for smokers with a diagnosis of cancer to support this population.

Keywords: smoking cessation; cancer; tobacco control; co-design; systematic review (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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