Global DNA Methylation in Dental Implant Failure Due to Peri-Implantitis: An Exploratory Clinical Pilot Study

Ismael Khouly, Simon Pardiñas López, Silvia María Díaz Prado, Luca Ferrantino, Josephine Kalm, Lena Larsson and Farah Asa’ad
Additional contact information
Ismael Khouly: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, NY 10010, USA
Simon Pardiñas López: Periodontology and Oral Surgery, Clínica Médico Dental Pardiñas, Real 66, 3°, 15003 A Coruña, Spain
Silvia María Díaz Prado: Institute of Biomedical Research of A Coruña (INIBIC), Galician Health Service (SERGAS), University Hospital Complex A Coruña (CHUAC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
Luca Ferrantino: Department of Biomedical, Surgical, and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
Josephine Kalm: Department of Periodontology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden
Lena Larsson: Department of Periodontology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden
Farah Asa’ad: Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 2, 1-11

Abstract: Background: Peri-implantitis (PIT) is highly prevalent in patients with dental implants and is a challenging condition to treat due to the limited outcomes reported for non-surgical and surgical therapies. Therefore, epigenetic therapeutics might be of key importance to treat PIT. However, developing epigenetic therapeutics is based on understanding the relationship between epigenetics and disease. To date, there is still scarce knowledge about the relationship between epigenetic modifications and PIT, which warrants further investigations. Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the level of global DNA methylation associated with implant failure (IF) due to PIT compared to periodontally healthy (PH) patients. Material and Methods: A total of 20 participants were initially enrolled in this pilot, exploratory, single-blinded, cross-sectional clinical human study in two groups: 10 in the PH group and 10 in the IF group. In the participants who have completed the study, gingival tissue and bone samples were harvested from each participant and were used to perform global DNA methylation analysis. The percentage of global DNA methylation (5-mC%) was compared (1) between groups (PH and IF); (2) between the subgroups of gingival tissue and bone separately; (3) in the whole sample, comparing gingival tissue and bone; (4) within groups, comparing gingival tissue and bone. Demographic, periodontal, and peri-implant measurements as well as periodontal staging, were also recorded. All statistical comparisons were made at the 0.05 significance level. Results: Out of the initially enrolled 20 patients, only 19 completed the study and, thus, were included in the final analysis; 10 patients in the PH group and 9 patients in the IF group, contributing to a total of 38 samples. One patient from the IF group was excluded from the study due to systemic disease. The mean implant survival time was 10.8 years (2.17–15.25 years). Intergroup comparison, stratified by group, indicated a similar 5-mC% between the PH and IF groups in both gingival tissue and bone ( p = 0.599), only in bone ( p = 0.414), and only in gingival tissue ( p = 0.744). Intragroup comparison, stratified by the type of sample, indicated a significantly higher 5-mC% in gingival tissue samples compared to bone in both the PH and IF groups ( p = 0.001), in the PH group ( p = 0.019), and in the IF group ( p = 0.009). Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, higher global DNA methylation levels were found in gingival tissue samples compared to bone, regardless of the study groups. However, similar global DNA methylation levels were observed overall between the IF and PH groups. Yet, differences in the global DNA methylation levels between gingival tissues and bone, regardless of the study group, could reflect a different epigenetic response between various tissues within the same microenvironment. Further studies are necessary to elucidate the present findings and to evaluate the role of epigenetic modifications in IF due to PIT.

Keywords: DNA methylation; epigenomics; dental implantation; peri-implantitis; periodontium (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/2/1020/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/2/1020/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:2:p:1020-:d:726856

Access Statistics for this article

IJERPH is currently edited by Ms. Jenna Liu

More articles in IJERPH from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().