Translation, Cultural Adaptation, and Content Validation of the Palliative Care Self-Efficacy Scale for Use in the Swedish Context

Sofia Andersson, Lisa Granat, Margareta Brännström and Anna Sandgren
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Sofia Andersson: Center for Collaborative Palliative Care, Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Linnaeus University, 351 95 Växjö, Sweden
Lisa Granat: Center for Collaborative Palliative Care, Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Linnaeus University, 351 95 Växjö, Sweden
Margareta Brännström: Department of Nursing, Campus Skellefteå, Umeå University, 931 87 Skellefteå, Sweden
Anna Sandgren: Center for Collaborative Palliative Care, Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Linnaeus University, 351 95 Växjö, Sweden

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 3, 1-11

Abstract: The Palliative Care Self-Efficacy Scale (PCSE) is a valid instrument in English for assessing healthcare professionals’ self-efficacy in providing palliative care; it has not been translated into Swedish. The aim of this study was to describe the translation, cultural adaptation, and content-validation process of the PCSE scale. In this study, forward and backward translations, pretesting including an expert panel ( n = 7), and cognitive interviewing with possible healthcare professionals (physicians, nurses, and assistant nurses) ( n = 10) were performed. Experts in palliative care rated items on a Likert scale based on their understandability, clarity, sensitivity, and relevance. The item-level content validity index (I-CVI) and modified kappa statistics were calculated. Healthcare professionals were interviewed using the think-aloud method. The translation and validation process resulted in the final version of the PCSE scale. The average I-CVI for sensitivity was evaluated and approved. Most of the items were approved for clarity, some items lacked understandability, but a majority of the items were considered relevant. The healthcare professionals agreed that the items in the questionnaire evoked emotions, but were relevant for healthcare professionals. Thus, the Palliative Care Self-Efficacy scale is relevant for assessing healthcare professionals’ self-efficacy in palliative care in a Swedish care context. Further research using psychometric tests is required.

Keywords: content validity; end-of-life; face validity; healthcare professionals; palliative care; PCSE scale (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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