Indoor Air Pollution Increases the Risk of Lung Cancer

Ke-Cheng Chen, Shih-Wei Tsai, Ruei-Hao Shie, Chian Zeng and Hsiao-Yu Yang
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Ke-Cheng Chen: Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
Shih-Wei Tsai: Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Taiwan University College of Public Health, Taipei 10055, Taiwan
Ruei-Hao Shie: Green Energy & Environmental Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu 31040, Taiwan
Chian Zeng: Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, National Taiwan University College of Public Health, Taipei 10055, Taiwan
Hsiao-Yu Yang: Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Taiwan University College of Public Health, Taipei 10055, Taiwan

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 3, 1-15

Abstract: (1) Background: Cooking and burning incense are important sources of indoor air pollutants. No studies have provided biological evidence of air pollutants in the lungs to support this association. Analysis of pleural fluid may be used to measure the internal exposure dose of air pollutants in the lung. The objective of this study was to provide biological evidence of indoor air pollutants and estimate their risk of lung cancer. (2) Methods: We analyzed 14 common air pollutants in the pleural fluid of 39 cases of lung adenocarcinoma and 40 nonmalignant controls by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. (3) Results: When we excluded the current smokers and adjusted for age, the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were 2.22 (95% confidence interval CI = 0.77–6.44) for habitual cooking at home and 3.05 (95% CI = 1.06–8.84) for indoor incense burning. In females, the adjusted ORs were 5.39 (95% CI = 1.11–26.20) for habitual cooking at home and 6.01 (95% CI = 1.14–31.66) for indoor incense burning. In pleural fluid, the most important exposure biomarkers for lung cancer were naphthalene, ethylbenzene, and o-xylene. (4) Conclusions: Habitual cooking and indoor incense burning increased the risk of lung adenocarcinoma.

Keywords: indoor air pollutants; bioaccumulation; combustion sources; pleural fluid; exposure assessment; machine learning (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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