The Adverse Effects of Air Pollution on the Eye: A Review

Chia-Ching Lin, Chien-Chih Chiu, Po-Yen Lee, Kuo-Jen Chen, Chen-Xi He, Sheng-Kai Hsu and Kai-Chun Cheng
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Chia-Ching Lin: Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
Chien-Chih Chiu: Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
Po-Yen Lee: Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
Kuo-Jen Chen: Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
Chen-Xi He: Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
Sheng-Kai Hsu: Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
Kai-Chun Cheng: Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan

IJERPH, 2022, vol. 19, issue 3, 1-14

Abstract: Air pollution is inevitably the result of human civilization, industrialization, and globalization. It is composed of a mixture of gases and particles at harmful levels. Particulate matter (PM), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and carbon dioxides (CO 2 ) are mainly generated from vehicle emissions and fuel consumption and are the main materials causing outdoor air pollution. Exposure to polluted outdoor air has been proven to be harmful to human eyes. On the other hand, indoor air pollution from environmental tobacco smoking, heating, cooking, or poor indoor ventilation is also related to several eye diseases, including conjunctivitis, glaucoma, cataracts, and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). In the past 30 years, no updated review has provided an overview of the impact of air pollution on the eye. We reviewed reports on air pollution and eye diseases in the last three decades in the PubMed database, Medline databases, and Google Scholar and discussed the effect of various outdoor and indoor pollutants on human eyes.

Keywords: air pollution; eye diseases; ocular surface diseases; glaucoma; cataract; retinal diseases (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (2)

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